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10 January 2012, Volume 9 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Determination of 2,3,5,4'- Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside in Shouwu Pills by HPLC CHENG Xu-dong, SUN Yun, LIU Yang 2012, 9(1): 1-2.  Abstract ( 209 )   PDF (211KB) ( 209 )   Objective Determine of 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside in Shouwu pills. The method of determine 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside in Shouwu pills was established. MethodsThe samples were separated at 30℃ on a Ultimate XB-C18 column(4.6mm×250 mm, 5μm). When 2,3,5,4'-Tetrah-ydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside was eluted with acetonitrile and water(25:75). The detection wavelength was 320nm.The flow rate was all 1ml·min-1. ResultsThe content of 2,3,5,4'-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside in Shouwu pills was 3.895~4.136mg·g-1. ConclusionThe method was stable and convenient. This method was suitable for the quality control of Shouwu pills. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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HPLC Simultaneous Determination of Five Kinds of Anthraquinones in Danning Tablets ZHANG Qiu-rong, WANG Li-fang, LIU Wen-yan 2012, 9(1): 3-4.  Abstract ( 189 )   PDF (298KB) ( 184 )   Objective To develop an HPLC method for determining the contents of aloe-emodin、rhein、emodin、chrysophanol and physcione in Danning tablets. MethodsAgela Venusil XBP-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile(A) and 0.1 % phosphoric acid(B) as mobile phase by gradient elution, The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength was 226 nm. ResultsThe injection volume of aloe-emodinrhein、emodin、chrysophanol and physcione were 0.040-0.800, 0.040-0.800, 0.120-2.400, 0.040-0.800, 0.040-0.800 μg respectively, The average recovery rates were(n=6) 96.85%(RSD=2.28%)、97.48%(RSD=1.72%)、98.69%(RSD=1.28%)、96.27%(RSD=1.64%)、95.68 %(RSD=2.62 %) respectively. ConclusionThe method was accurate, reliable, good repeatability and can be used as the determination analyse of the preparation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparing the Toxicity of Valproate Sodium with Divalproex Sodium HUANG Feng-jiao, LI Ji-hong, TANG Dun-li, JIA Zi-ming 2012, 9(1): 7-8.  Abstract ( 309 )   PDF (313KB) ( 141 )   Objective To compare the toxicity of Valproate sodium with Divalproex sodium． MethodsRespectively administered different dose of Valproate sodium and Divalproex sodium to rats and mice, observed the toxicity symptoms, death and pathological change, and calculated the LD50 of the two kinds of animals. ResultsThe toxicity symptoms and pathological change are similar, but the toxicity symptoms of Valproate sodium is more serious and there are more animal death comparing with Divalproex sodium under the proximate dosage. ConclusionThe toxicity of Valproate sodium is bigger than Divalproex sodium. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Chronic Toxicity in Rats Caused by Different Components of Cortex Periplocae Radicis HUANG Wei, ZHANG Yong, QIAN Xiao-lu, BAO Zhi-ye, SUN Rong 2012, 9(1): 9-15.  Abstract ( 197 )   PDF (874KB) ( 185 )   Objective The obvious toxic symptoms and signs, the toxic damage extents and reversibility were observed in rats caused by different components of Radicis. MethodsThe 140 rats were divided into seven groups such as normal group、water extract and alcohol extract components of high, medium and low dose. The general including the bodyweight、diet and behavior were observed , the blood routine, the biochemical indicators, organ/bodyweight rate ,the important organs such as heart、liver、spleen、lung、kidney、brain and et al. and pathological changes were detected after 20 days water extract and 9 days alcohol extract components administrated, and then we continued to observe the recovery period after drug discontinuance. ResultsThe Wistar rat's weight、diet and drinking were decreased; the serum ALT、AST、AKP、TPC were increased; the ALB、CR and the rate of A/G were decreased; the liver weight and volume ratio、kidney weight and volume ratio were increased after given water extract and alcohol extract components from Radicis to Wistar rats by intragastric for 21 and 9 days. Pathological examination showed different degree of liver and kidney pathology tissue damage; There was little affect for routine blood; the damage of liver and kidney toxicity in rats show an obvious dosage relationship. and after the convalescence, the partial lesions were irreversible. ConclusionThe main chronic toxical damage is hepatic and kidney injury in rats caused by the 20 days water extract and 9 days alcohol extract components of Cortex Periplocae Radicis,and part of the lesions were irreversible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on the "Dose-Time-Toxicity" Relationship of Hepatotoxicity Induced by Different Components from Cortex Periplocae in Mice BAO Zhi-ye ,HUANG Wei,ZHANG Ya-nan,SUN Rong 2012, 9(1): 16-19.  Abstract ( 206 )   PDF (411KB) ( 148 )   Objective To study the "dosage-time-toxicity" relationship of hepatotoxicity induced by multiple intragastric administration of water extracted and alcohol extracted components of Cortex Periplocae to mice. Methods Mice are grouped according to different time or dose points, the general condition and toxic effects of mice were observed.The changes of the activity of ALT, AST, etc and liver, kidney index were detected. Results On the first day after administration the hepatotoxicity which displayed with obvious increase of activity in serum ALT, AST, especially the changes of AST were more sensitive. The conditions continued for about 7 days. Compared with the normal group, within 7 days after the administration, water extracted components in(0.78~15.0) g·kg-1 doses of scope, alcohol extracted components in(0.78~6.0) g·kg-1 doses of scope, they all cause significant damage to liver, the activity of ALT, AST, ALP, and TBI elevated, while ALB reduced, and liver ratio increased, it shows there were obvious "dosagetime-toxicity" relations. The degree of hepatotoxicity damage caused by the alcohol extracted composition is more serious than that by the water extracted composition. Conclusion Multiple intragastric administrations of water extracted and alcohol extracted components of Cortex Periplocae with certain dosage may induce acute hepatotoxical injury in mice and show an obvious "dosage-time-toxicity" relationship. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research of Hepatotoxicity Damage Caused by Different Components from Cortex Periplocae in Mice ZHANG Ya-nan, HUANG Wei, BAO Zhi-ye, HUANG You-yi, CHI Xue-jie, SUN Rong 2012, 9(1): 20-22.  Abstract ( 224 )   PDF (433KB) ( 180 )   Objective To investigate the hepatotoxicic effect induced by different components from Cortex Periplocae in mice. Methods Mice were administrated with water extracted and alcohol extracted components for 7 days. The general situation of mice were observed, hepatical toxicity related index and the level of ALB、ALP、TBIL in serum were detected, the hepatic tissue were examined. Results The water extracted and alcohol extracted components can cause the activity of ALT、AST in serum and hepatic tissue increased, as well as the gain in liver weight. The level of ALP、TBIL corresponding increased, however the level of ALB was reduced. All changes were aggravated in accordance with the dosages. The degree of hepatotoxicity damage caused by the alcohol extracted composition is more serious than that by the water extracted composition. Conclusion The continues administration of different components from Cortex Periplocae to mice can induce obvious hepato -toxicity injury, it not only cause the changes of liver function index, but the structural patho-logical changes of hepatic cell. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Research of Oxidative Damage Mechanism in Hepatical Toxical Injury Caused by Different Components Cortex Periplocae from in Mice SUN Rong, HUANG Wei, BAO Zhi-ye, ZHANG Ya-nan 2012, 9(1): 23-25.  Abstract ( 193 )   PDF (411KB) ( 248 )   Objective To investigate the problems in outpatient and emergency prescriptions in order to improve prescription quality and promote rational use. Methods58 556 outpatient and emergency prescriptions of our hospital in 2010 were randomly selected. The irrational prescriptions were classified and analyzed in respect of writing and rationality of drug use according to Prescription Management, Guiding principles for clinical application of antibiotics, New Edited Pharmacy, Chinese Clinical Drug Use Principle and Hospital Prescription Evaluation and Management(trial) issued in 2010. ResultsThere were 2 506 irrational prescriptions, accounting for 4.28%. Among the total, nonstandard prescriptions, inaptitude medication prescriptions, abnormal prescriptions were respectively accounted for 9.34%、81.76%、8.90%. ConclusionAfter a series of measures were carried out, the unqualified rate of the second half year gradually decreased with the first half year. The quality of outpatient and emergency prescriptions in our hospital is improving gradually, but further hard work should be carried out to improve prescriptions, quality continuously. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vaccine Risk Management in China WANG Ya-li, DONG Duo, DU Xiao-xi 2012, 9(1): 26-28.  Abstract ( 273 )   PDF (454KB) ( 311 )   Drug risk management is a process around drug safety, which including risk evaluation, risk control, risk review and risk communication, through premarketing study or postmarketing adverse drug reaction monitoring.Vaccine risk management is important, because vaccine is a special drug. In this paper, the situation and problems about adverse vaccine reaction monitoring in our country were analyzed. And the risk management in our country was researched referencing international best practices. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Data Mining Method-Decision Tree in Pharmacovigilance WU Jia-rui, ZHANG Bing 2012, 9(1): 29-32.  Abstract ( 204 )   PDF (514KB) ( 281 )   Decision tree is one of the most frequent used model on classification and prediction in the data mining,which can provide clear and classified result from massive data. Referring to the author's former research, this paper presents in -depth analysis on Shuanghuanglian Injection, Potassium Dehydroandrogrpholide Succinate Injection (Chuanhuning Injection) according to the decision tree method, of which the fundamental concepts and application prospects in the pharmacovigilance were introduced. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Unqualified Prescriptions in Outpatient and Emergency Departments of Our Hospital in 2010 YI Dan Tang, Xian-bin, LU Xiang-hong, Luo Jia, Huang Li 2012, 9(1): 33-34.  Abstract ( 229 )   PDF (491KB) ( 190 )   Objective To investigate the problems in outpatient and emergency prescriptions in order to improve prescription quality and promote rational use. Methods58 556 outpatient and emergency prescriptions of our hospital in 2010 were randomly selected. The irrational prescriptions were classified and analyzed in respect of writing and rationality of drug use according to Prescription Management, Guiding principles for clinical application of antibiotics, New Edited Pharmacy, Chinese Clinical Drug Use Principle and Hospital Prescription Evaluation and Management(trial) issued in 2010. ResultsThere were 2 506 irrational prescriptions, accounting for 4.28%. Among the total, nonstandard prescriptions, inaptitude medication prescriptions, abnormal prescriptions were respectively accounted for 9.34%、81.76%、8.90%. ConclusionAfter a series of measures were carried out, the unqualified rate of the second half year gradually decreased with the first half year. The quality of outpatient and emergency prescriptions in our hospital is improving gradually, but further hard work should be carried out to improve prescriptions, quality continuously. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Narcotics Analgesic in Our Hospital from 2008 to 2010 HU Wen-Jun, ZHOU Li-Qiong, HUANG Wen-Tao, QIN Shao-Jin 2012, 9(1): 35-37.  Abstract ( 210 )   PDF (469KB) ( 210 )   Objective To investigate the use of narcotic drugs in our hospital, provide a reference for the clinical use of drugs. MethodsThe prescription data of narcotic drugs in the OPD from January 2008 to December 2010 were collected for a statistical analysis in respect of drug kinds, consumption quantity, consumption sum and DDDs. ResultsThe hospital increased year by year the amount of consumption of narcotic drugs, morphine sustained release tablets increased considerably, but the pethidine injection also on the rise, DDDs first place is the sustained release tablets of morphine and remifentanil injection, which remifentanil fentanyl injection, the average maximum amount prescribed, morphine sustained release tablets second. ConclusionApplication of narcotics basically becomes more reasonable, but there are still many deficiencies, we must further strengthen the application of narcotic drugs intervention and management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Pharmacology, Toxicology and Safety of Camphor: Review and Prospect DING Yuan-gang, MA Hong-mei, ZHANG Bo-li 2012, 9(1): 38-42.  Abstract ( 539 )   PDF (596KB) ( 967 )   Camphor have many pharmacological effects, such as excitement, cardiac, anti -inflammatory, analgesic,antibacterial, cough, penetration, reduce mitochondrial respiration, regulating liver enzyme, mites,and Interactions with other drugs, is one of the world's first natural organic ingredients be used. Camphor is widely used, but also has a strong toxicity, manifested in the ovary, testes, nerves, liver, heart, fetus, pregnant women, the apparent toxicity to the kidneys and urinary system less genotoxic potential toxicity. In recent years, research subject of the transformation and the relationship borneol and camphor in body fetching attention, we consider it necessary to understand the pharmacology and toxicology and safety of camphor progress, provide a reference for in-depth study of the relationship between body transformation of borneol and camphor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Meta-analysis of Efficacy and Adverse Reaction of Edaravone Injection in the Treatment of Acute Cerebral Infarction XU Xiu-yu, ZHU Jun-feng, CHEN Xiao-xiao 2012, 9(1): 43-46.  Abstract ( 240 )   PDF (552KB) ( 352 )   Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction of Edaravone injection in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Methods The efficacy and adverse reaction of Edaravone injection versus other drugs of control group in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction reported in 20 research papers were subjected to homogeneity test and combined test using meta-analysis. Results Homogeneity test showed that the cited studies of efficacy and adverse reaction were homogeneous with χ2=9.52, χ2=3.10(P>0.05).In combined test, the combined ORe＝3.89(95% confidence interval ranged from 3.02 to 5.02, χ2＝10.47, P ＜0.05) and combined ORs＝2.08(95% confidence interval 1.19～3.64, χ2＝2.57, P＜0.05). Conclusion Clinical efficacy of Edaravone injection is significantly better than that of other drugs in treatment of acute cerebral infarction. But the incidence of ADR induced by Edaravone injection is higher than other drugs-induced ADR. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 412 ADR/ADE Cases of Asarone Injection XIA Xu-dong, GONG Li-xiong, XIA Ming, CHEN Chao, LIU Chao 2012, 9(1): 47-50.  Abstract ( 262 )   PDF (658KB) ( 325 )   Objective By analyzing 412 ADR/ADE reports of Asarone injection, the general laws and features of the reaction occurrences were discussed to provide reference for rational use of medicines in clinical trials. MethodsRelevant data was collected from database of Henan ADR Monitoring Center, statistical reviewed and analyzed,from 2006 to 2010. Results Resultsshowed the main ADR/ADE damages were skin and its attachment, which counts 184 cases(26.44%), besides, 171 stomach and intestines cases(24.57%), 111 for systemic cases(15.95%). The common serious reactions were showed as dyspnea, cyanosis, anaphylactic shock and chest distress, etc. ConclusionThus, it is important to pay attention to the ADR/ADE caused by Asarone injections, in order to improve rational use of medicines in clinical, complete drug instructions, prevent serious adverse drug reactions taking place, ensuring clinical medication safety. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 228 Reports of Adverse Drug Reaction in Our Hospital LIU Yu-qing, WANG Dong-xue, BIAN Wen-yan, HUA Lu, FAN Chao-mei, LI Yi-shi 2012, 9(1): 51-53.  Abstract ( 237 )   PDF (599KB) ( 121 )   Objective To study and analyze the characteristics and rules of the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) reported in Fu Wai Hospital so as to provide references for rational drug use. Methods A total of 228 ADR reports collected from Jan. 2006 to Dec.2010 were described and analyzed retrospectively in respect of patients' gender,age, drug categories and clinical manifestation, etc. Results The male-female ratio among 228 ADR cases was 1:1.38 and 106 kinds of drugs were involved in, including various cardiovascular drugs, antibiotics, proprietary Chinese medicine, etc. ADR induced by cardiovascular drugs, such as antihypertension medication, antithrombotic, lipidlowering drugs and contrast medium used in coronarography occupied larger proportion. The clinic manifestation of serious ADR(SADR) was various. Among SADR cases, the number of cases who got allergic reaction induced by contrast agent was largest, one of which died. Conclusion It is important to analyze the ADR reports and feed back the related information to clinic, which is one of the important pathways to monitor ADR and reduce the ADR incidence. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Analysis of 254 Cases Liver Damage Caused by Drug Combination XU Hou-ming, SHI Juan 2012, 9(1): 54-57.  Abstract ( 174 )   PDF (655KB) ( 127 )   Objective Through the clinical characteristics analysis of the liver damage caused by the combination, improve the understanding of the liver damage. MethodsTo extract 254 cases liver damage by combination from the database of Center for ADR Monitoring of Jiangsu, and analyse the clinical manifestations, laboratory examination,treatment measures, drug combination number, suspected drug classification, etc. ResultsThere are 160 cases of 2 drugs combination, 62 cases of 3 drugs combination, 26 cases of 4 drugs combination, 5 cases of 5 drugs combination, only 1 case of 6 drugs combination. The suspicious drugs inducing liver damage are mainly antituberculosis medicines(56 cases, 22.05%), antitumor medicines(47 cases, 18.50%) and traditional Chinese medicines(31 cases, 12.20%). Major clinical manifestation is the abnormal level of transaminase, etc., most of the patients can be better or cured after treatment except for 2 death cases(0.79%). ConclusionStrictly master the indications of combination, and be familiar with the drugs' ingredients, metabolic features and the like to ensure safe and rational drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics