Abstract: Objective The obvious toxic symptoms and signs, the toxic damage extents and reversibility were observed in rats caused by different components of Radicis. MethodsThe 140 rats were divided into seven groups such as normal group、water extract and alcohol extract components of high, medium and low dose. The general including the bodyweight、diet and behavior were observed , the blood routine, the biochemical indicators, organ/bodyweight rate ,the important organs such as heart、liver、spleen、lung、kidney、brain and et al. and pathological changes were detected after 20 days water extract and 9 days alcohol extract components administrated, and then we continued to observe the recovery period after drug discontinuance. ResultsThe Wistar rat's weight、diet and drinking were decreased; the serum ALT、AST、AKP、TPC were increased; the ALB、CR and the rate of A/G were decreased; the liver weight and volume ratio、kidney weight and volume ratio were increased after given water extract and alcohol extract components from Radicis to Wistar rats by intragastric for 21 and 9 days. Pathological examination showed different degree of liver and kidney pathology tissue damage; There was little affect for routine blood; the damage of liver and kidney toxicity in rats show an obvious dosage relationship. and after the convalescence, the partial lesions were irreversible. ConclusionThe main chronic toxical damage is hepatic and kidney injury in rats caused by the 20 days water extract and 9 days alcohol extract components of Cortex Periplocae Radicis,and part of the lesions were irreversible.

Key words: Cortex Periplocae Radicis, different components, rats, chronic toxicity