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10 November 2012, Volume 9 Issue 11 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Study on Analgestic Effect and Accompanying Toxicity and Side Effects of Water Extraction Components of Evodia Fructus SUN Rong, HUANG Wei 2012, 9(11): 641-644.  Abstract ( 276 )   PDF (378KB) ( 115 )   ObjectiveResearching on the accompanying toxicity and side effects under the efficacy dose of analgestic effect of water extraction components of Evodia Fructus, to offer experimental basement for the elucidation of "efficacy-toxicity" relevance. MethodsMice were randomly divided into 5 groups according to weight, namely normal group, diclofanac sodium sustained release tablets group, high, middle and low dose group of water extraction components of Evodia Fructus. Mice were continuously administrated for 7 days, and the analgestic effect of water extraction components of Evodia Fructus was studied with the pain model in mice induced by acetic acid and hot plate after 90 minutes of the last administration to mice. In addition to observe the toxical symptoms in mice, the activity of ALT and AST in serum and hepatic tissue the content of BUN and CR in serum were detected, and liver, kidney index were detected, and the morphological changes of liver tissue were observed under light microscope. ResultsBy continuously administrating certain dose water extraction components of Evodia Fructus to mice for 7 days, water extraction components of Evodia Fructus could remarkably reduce the frequence of writhe in mice induced by acetic acid and remarkably raise the pain threshold of mice, and there was good dose-efficacy relationship; during the administration, mice had some toxical symptoms, such as diarrhoea, idle move, dysphoria and the slow growth of weight, and the activity of ALT and AST in serum and hepatic tissue were remarkably increased and the liver index was remarkably increased, and the content of BUN and CR in serum had no significant changes, only the kidney index of high dose group was increased; the above-mentioned change gradually aggravated with dose increasing, and it was the obvious discrepancy compared with distilled water control group and there was certain "dose-toxicity" relationship. ConclusionBy continuously administrating certain dose water extraction components of Evodia Fructus to mice, it could produce certain side effects to liver while it produced the analgestic effect to mice, and showed certain dose-dependence relationship. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of the Administration of the Papaverine Hydrochloride Injection YANG Yuan, XING Ying, ZHEN Jian-cun 2012, 9(11): 645-646.  Abstract ( 428 )   PDF (304KB) ( 699 )   ObjectiveTo explore the optimization of the administration of Papaverine Hydrochloride injection in the hand surgery in our hospital. MethodsWe analyzed the occurrence of adverse reactions by questionnaire survey among the patients after the micrographic surgery of hand in our hospital, developed solutions to optimize the Papaverine injection administration and conducted the same survey on the new administration. ResultsUsing the administration of micro-pump as compared to the intramuscular injection can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions among the patients after micrographic surgery. ConclusionOptimization of Papaverine injection administration can make the drug play a better effect, and reduce the adverse reactions. So the patients' medication compliance has been greatly improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Seabuckthorn Polysaccharide's Effect on Blood Glucose of Normal Mice and Modeling Diabetic Mice GUO Feng-Xia, ZENG Yang, MA Ji-xiong 2012, 9(11): 647-651.  Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (527KB) ( 336 )   ObjectiveThe paper aims to study seabuckthorn polysaccharide＇s effect on blood glucose of normal mice and modeling diabetic mice by doing experiment. MethodsOn one hand, the paper tries to adopt it as a test drug and then tries to find its effects upon blood glucose of mice after they are administered with a loading dose of sucrose, glucose, maltose, and starch. On the other hand, the paper tries to observe its effects on blood sugar of hyperglycemic mice after diabetic mice model, respectively induced by alloxan and streptozotocin, which are administered intra-gastrically with different doses of seabuckthorn polysaccharide. ResultsWe find following results. One is that compared with the control group, in the glucose tolerance model group, the starch group obviously lowers their blood glucose level(P <0.01), and next to it is the sucrose group(P <0.05). The other is that compared with alloxan(streptozotocin), the high-dozed model group with seabuckthorn polysaccharide produces an obvious effect upon hyperglycemic mice after being administered for two weeks and four weeks(P <0.01, P <0.05). And the last result is that their sugar reducing rate is respectively 31.72%(33.14%) and 45.70%(43.78%), only followed by low-dozed model group(P <0.05, P <0.05), with sugar reducing rates respectively as 28.02%(27.07%) and 39.38%(36.43%). ConclusionWe draw a conclusion that seabuckthorn has a good effect upon reducing blood sugar of mice induced by alloxan and streptozotocin respectively, but hypoglycemic intensity is related to dosage. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Hepatotoxicity Mechanism of Bupleurum Saikosaponin by Alcohol Elution on Hepatic Fibrosis ZHANG Li-hua, LV Li-li, ZHANG Ya-nan, HUANG Wei, SUN Rong 2012, 9(11): 652-654.  Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (461KB) ( 250 )   ObjectiveTo study the hepatotoxity mechanism of refined products from Bupleurum Saikosaponin by Alcohol Elution, and to discuss the relevance between hepatotoxcity and hepatic fibrosis, in order to provide the basis of hepatotoxity mechanism. MethodsRefined products from Bupleurum Saikosaponin by alcohol elution of different dosages(ig) were given to Wistar rats for fifteen days consecutively. The changes of hydroxyproline in serum and liver tissue were detected and the histopathological study was performed. ResultsOn the 15th day after ig the level of hydroxyproline in serum and liver tissue increased obviously, which is in line with the dosages increased. Masson staining shows the pathological changes of liver collagen fiber extension is obvious, and connected to each other surrounding the hepatic lobule, leading to destruction of the normal lobular architecture, false lobule. Compared with the control group, the degree of liver damage has certain dependence on the dose. ConclusionLong-term administration of the refined products from Bupleurum Saikosaponin by alcohol elution with large doses can result in liver fibrosis in rats; the results of this study provide some experimental basis for the safe use of Bupleurum inclinical .The total Bupleurum saikosaponin was the main material basis of hepatoxicity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussions on Medical Device Registration in China Based on the Theories of Government Regulation an Administrative Licensure WANG Lan-ming , WANG Su 2012, 9(11): 655-661.  Abstract ( 217 )   PDF (572KB) ( 152 )   Based on the theories of the Government Regulation and Administrative Licensure, focusing on the public interests first, licensure set by law, openness to public, justness and fairness, efficiency and convenience, and combination with post-surveilance, some concepts and principles for the medical device registration system in China were discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Introduction of European Union Pharmacovigilance System facing New Regulation DONG Duo, WU Gui-zhi, CHENG Gang 2012, 9(11): 662-665.  Abstract ( 863 )   PDF (520KB) ( 1447 )   By introducing the revision of European Union(EU) Pharmocovigilance regulation, it helped to know the structure of EU Pharmacovigilance system better. And it also clearly showed the contents of the system, such as Pharmacovigilance Systems and their Quality Systems, Pharmacovigilance System Master File, Pharmacovigilance Inspections, Risk Management Systems. It provided the example and reference for perfecting and developing Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Monitoring System of China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Systematic Review of Shengmai Injection for Cardiotoxicity Induced by Anthracyclines YANG Min, LU Jing, MOU Jin-jin, XU Ting 2012, 9(11): 666-669.  Abstract ( 267 )   PDF (644KB) ( 193 )   ObjectiveTo explore the efficiency of Shengmai injection for cardiotoxicity in tumor patients induced by Anthracyclines. MethodsWe systematically retrieved the randomized controlled trials(RCTs) which were designed for Shengmai injection for cardiotoxicity in tumor patients induced by Anthracyclines.The three researchers selected the references according to the inclusion criterion, then appraised them critically and conducted meta-analysis. ResultsSix RCTs were included at last with 615 patitents, 307 in the experimental group and 308 in the control group.The two groups have statistically significant differences in every outcome we have designed: rate of abnormal electrocardiogram[RR=0.38, 95%CI(0.27,0.54), P<0.00001], change of EF[MD=-2.50, 95%CI(-3.83,-1.18), P=0.0002], change of LVDd[MD=-0.79,95%CI(-0.93,-0.66),P<0.00001], change of LVDs[MD=-0.58,95%CI(-0.82,-0.35),P<0.00001], change of FS[MD=-3.02,95%CI(-5.02,-1.01),P =0.003]. ConclusionOn current evidence, Shengmai injection is probably effective for the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity in tumor patients induced by Anthracyclines. However, more high quality clinical trials are needed to confirm this. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advances in the Study on Extraction of Polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicine QIN Yan, WU Chun-ying, FU Rong-geng, Huang Li, ZHANG Hong-gang, LU Man-xia, YANG Yan-tao 2012, 9(11): 670-673.  Abstract ( 467 )   PDF (581KB) ( 1127 )   This paper summarized the extracting methods of polysaccharides discovered in recent years, and reviewed the applications including enzyme extraction, two aqueous phase extraction, ultrasonic extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, high pressure extraction, molecular distillation technique in extraction of polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicine in detail, respectively. The principles and characteristics of these techniques were described, and their future developments were prospected, which aims at providing some useful information for further study on the extraction of polysaccharides. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Development on Efficacy of Prepared Aconite Root Related to Chemical Material Basis and Pharmacological Effects YU Qing-min, LUAN Yong-fu, LI Xiao-jiaoyang,SUN Rong 2012, 9(11): 674-678.  Abstract ( 413 )   PDF (638KB) ( 675 )   ObjectiveTo introduce the research development on the chemical composition, pharmacological effects and efficacy of Prepared Aconite Root, and provide literature evidences and research ideas of the clinical practice study of Prepared Aconite Root. MethodsReferences in old days and in the last decades both at home and abroad about Prepared Aconite Root were collated, analyzed and summarized. ResultsPrepared Aconite Root can turn around lifes, tonify fire and helping yang and dispel the wind and cold-dampness. The causes and influencing factors of Prepared Aconite Root 's adverse reactions are mainly related to concocted drugs, TCM drugs, drug dose, drug compatibility, the boiling method, individual differences and medication methods. ConclusionPrepared Aconite Root is a medicine with strong pharmacodynamic action and largely clinical practice, and has a very vast prospect on clinical practice with the further research on its chemical composition, pharmacological effects and efficacy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Risks and Control Measures of Intraocular lens ZHAO Yu-juan, ZHAO Yan, DING Hong 2012, 9(11): 679-680.  Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (589KB) ( 480 )   With the improvements of surgical techniques and intraocular lens(IOL) design and manufacturing, operative complications of IOL surgery have been gradually reduced, but there are still risk factors affecting the postoperative prognosis. This article describes the common adverse events of IOL, and focuses on the adverse events caused by the quality or materials of IOL and their possible causes, which provides a reference for correct and safe use of IOL on clinic. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Risk Assessment Approach for Use Error of Medical Device WEN Qiang, ZHONG Ling, XIA Shi-tao, ZHONG Dai-di, XIONG Xue-cai, WANG Qiang 2012, 9(11): 681-685.  Abstract ( 369 )   PDF (661KB) ( 288 )   The research on medical device adverse events(MDAE) monitoring has become an important aspect of the post-marketing medical device risk management. Use error is a potential risk related to the use of medical devices, it is significant to study. The article analyzed the use error of medical devices and the approach for risk assessment, in order to be helpful to the medical device adverse event monitoring and evaluation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 327 Cases of Psychiatric Medication Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting ZHANG Zhong-dong HUI Cun-zhu 2012, 9(11): 686-688.  Abstract ( 298 )   PDF (671KB) ( 228 )   ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics and general pattern of the adverse drug reaction(ADR) occurred in our hospital. MethodsA total of 327 ADR cases collected in our hospital from 2008 to 2011 were analyzed statistically in terms of patients' age, sex, drug category, serious ADR, drug combination, ADR involved organs or systems and clinical manifestations, ect. ResultsAmong 327 cases of ADR reports, 60 years old or older is more, accounting for 75 cases(22.94%); ADR caused by antipsychotics in 13 varieties were in the first place, accounting for 263 cases(80.43%); system or organ involved in ADR cases were most frequently reported as central and peripheral nervous system disorders(124 cases, 36.80%). Gastrointestinal system disorders ranked the second place(57 cases, 16.91%). ConclusionAttention should be paid to the ADR monitoring and reporting work, especially serious adverse reaction of the report and monitoring for the rational use of drugs, strengthen the ADR analysis, evaluation, timely intervention and persuation so as to ensure safe drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Adverse Drug Reaction Induced by Antibiotic in Inpatients from 2006 to 2010 PENG Geng, HUA Lu, LIU Yu-qing, BIAN WenYan, LI Yi-shi 2012, 9(11): 689-690.  Abstract ( 269 )   PDF (629KB) ( 179 )   ObjectiveTo investigate the adverse drug reaction(ADR) induced by antibiotic, and provide advice for the safety and rational use of drugs. MethodsTo conduct a statistical analysis based upon the information from 47 inpatients with ADR which were reported from February 2006 to December 2010, such as age, gender, history of adverse reactions with drugs, route of administration, used drug, clinical manifestations, et al. ResultsADR is likely to be reported in various ages section during inpatients, particularly those are 41~60 years old. The most adverse reactions were caused by beta-lactam antibiotics, and they mainly caused allergic skin reactions. ConclusionMedical institutions should pay attention to the antibiotic induced adverse reaction, and rational use of it. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 84 Cases of Adverse Reaction Induced by Nedaplatin CHEN Ying, LIN Hao 2012, 9(11): 691-692.  Abstract ( 288 )   PDF (666KB) ( 169 )   ObjectiveThrough analysing 84 ADR cases of the nedaplatin to explore the rules and causes of adverse reactions, provide a reference for clinical rational use of drugs. MethodsOn the basis of the adverse drug reaction network management platform in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 84 cases of ADR reports caused by nedaplatin from 2004 to 2011 were analyzed in terms of the gender, age, primary disease, doses, system-organs involved, clinical manifestation. ResultsAmong 84 ADR reports, highest rate of ADR occurred in patients with 51~60 years old(31.3%), the most common ADRs were nervous system injury(41.1%), followed by respiratory system injury(32.1%) and skin and appendages injury(28.6%). ConclusionMedical personnel should raise the awareness of reporting ADR of nedaplatin, analyze its characteristics, so as to ensure clinical safety, reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADR. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 56 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction Induced by Shenmai Injection ZHOU Jing-xin 2012, 9(11): 693-695.  Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (722KB) ( 291 )   Objective To analyze the characteristics of ADR induced by Shenmai injection so as to promote the rational use of the drugs． Methods 56 cases of ADR relate to the Shenmai injection from January 2010 to June 2012 in Harbin were analyzed statistically from patients with normal circumstances, adverse reaction time, clinical manifestation, drug use and other aspects. Results Most of the patients taking the drug were old people whose average age was 53.28. The cases occurred within 30 minutes account for 83.93 % of the total. Most of the reports(n=28) involved both of the skin system and its appendages, accounting for 36.36%. All of these cases were single medication using. Conclusion The ADR of Shenmai injection was related to the pharmaceutical factors. What's more, age distribution accorded with the indications for the crowd of the drug. Enterprises, doctors and pharmacists should pay more attention to the ADR of Shenmai injection. The process of drug use should be monitored to reduce the incidence of ADR. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Reasonable Application of Traditinal Chinese Medicine Injections in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke SUN Chen, ZHANG Gen-ming 2012, 9(11): 696-697.  Abstract ( 285 )   PDF (627KB) ( 195 )   Ischemic stroke has complicated pathological factors, and developed rapidly. The whole course of acute stage of ischemic stroke can be divided into three stages: brain dystrophy, toxin producing and toxin injury of brain. The application of Traditinal Chinese Medicine injections is one of the most important means of treatment of ischemic stroke. This review analyzes the pathogenesis and syndromes of acute stage of ischemic stroke, and investigates the most suitable selection of Traditinal Chinese Medicine injections based on their characteristics according to the different stages of ischemic stroke. The aim is to bring into playing their function fully, and obtain better clinical efficacy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation of the Marks of Ophthalmic Preparations Extended Period after Being Used in Our Hospital AN Yuan , ZHU Qi-Yao , MA Li , MAO Lu , ZHEN Jian-cun 2012, 9(11): 698-699.  Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (698KB) ( 192 )   Objective To provide reference for standard management of the marks of ophthalmic preparations extended period after use. Methods The related information of 38 kinds of ophthalmic preparations were analyzed statistically, such as drug names, specification, producing area, validity period and extended period after use. Results 18 kinds of ophthalmic preparations were marked the extend period after used in all, accounting for 47.4%. 10 of them were marked on the precautions of package insert; 6 of them were marked on the storage; 1 of them was marked on the period of validity and 1 of them was marked on the package box. Conclusion More than half of ophthalmic preparations were not marked the extended period after use. We propose to strengthen the supervision of such products, standardize labeling information and prevent risk of drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics