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08 May 2010, Volume 7 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Comparative Study on Acute Toxicity of Different Components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis in Mice SUN Rong, YANG Qian, ZHAO Yan 2010, 7(5): 257-261.  Abstract ( 209 )   PDF (616KB) ( 226 )   Objective Compare the acute toxicity of different components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis and to provide experimental data for safe use in clinal. Methods Different components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis were administrated to KM mice.The MTD of all-components and the LD50 of water extract, alcohol extract and total alkaloid extract of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis were tested by the classical Methods of acute toxicity. The acute toxic symptoms were observed;the accumulated death number and the weight-changes of live mice were recorded. Results The MTD of all-components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis was 10.68g·kg-1.The LD50 of water extract,alcohol extract and total alkaloid extract of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis were 17.469(15.450~19.701)g·kg-1,27.135(24.869~29.622)g·kg-1,13.399(12.016~14.899)g·kg-1 in mice.Restlessness, breathlessness and convulsion were the main acute tixical symptoms. Conclusion The size order of acute toxicity of different components in Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis is total alkaloid extract>water extract >all-components>alcohol extract.The toxical components and toxical mechanism should be researched furtherly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental Study on Genetic Toxicity of Asarum Heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt SONG Jun-zhai, LI Ja-yi, YANG Nian, ZHANG Lin-bo, WEN De-zhong 2010, 7(5): 262-264.  Abstract ( 198 )   PDF (409KB) ( 333 )   Objective To study the genetic toxicity of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt. Methods Observation whether the Decoction of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt.Var. mandshuricum Kitag. will induce genetic material injury in male mice' somatic and germ cells or not by mouse polychromatic erythrocytes micronucleus test and mouse sperm abnormality test, indicated the genetic toxicity of Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt. by micronucleus rate and the malformation rate and deformity constituent ratio. Results Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt. could significantly induce mouse polychromatic ery-throcytes micronuclei and sperm abnormalities, it has mutagenic effect. Conclusion Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt. as a clinical efficacy of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine has a variety of genetic toxicity, clinical applications need to consider their genetic toxicity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Speciation Analysis of Arsenic in Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets WANG Xiu-hua, CHEN Ding-xiong, LI Zong 2010, 7(5): 265-268.  Abstract ( 353 )   PDF (426KB) ( 495 )   Objective The contents of total arsenic、soluble arsenic、 soluble As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) in Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets were analyzed, in order to evaluate the safety of Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets. Methods Total arsenic in Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets was determined by Atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS) with microwave digestion. Soluble arsenic was determined by AFS after 50% Methanol extract treatment. Two kinds of soluble arsenic species As(Ⅲ) and As(Ⅴ) were separated by ion-exchange resin and assayed by AFS. Results The contents of total arsenic in the three Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet products were in the range of 65.72~75.79 g/kg. The percentage of soluble arsenic to total arsenic was between 0.43% ~ 1.23%, in which soluble arsenic(Ⅲ) contents were in the range of 0.19~0.55 g/kg and soluble Arsenic(Ⅴ) contents were in the range of 0.09~0.44 g/kg. Conclusion Soluble Arsenic and its valence in the two kinds of arsenic showed differences in the Niuhuang Jiedu Tablet products. It is necessary to improve quality control of arsenic in Niuhuang Jiedu Tablets. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Significance of Clinical Features of Crohn's Disease in Treatment Modalities ZHANG Ru, LV Hong, QIAN Jia-ming, SHEN Bing-bing, YANG Xiao-ou, CHEN Qiang 2010, 7(5): 269-271.  Abstract ( 174 )   PDF (404KB) ( 256 )   Objective To evaluate the relationship between clinical features of Crohn's disease(CD) and medical treatment modalities in a historical chort. Methods A total of 158 patients with CD in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1983 to 2007 were included. Demographic and clinical features as well as medical treatment regimens were studied. Results of the158 patients with CD, male:female ratio was 1.98:1. The mean age at disease onset was 33.8±15.6(range 7~78) years. Mild, moderate, and severe CD comprised 15.8%, 30.4%, and 53.8% of the patient population, respectively. The peak onset age was 20~29 years old, with 29.1% of patients being in the age group. Patients with mild CD(96.0%) were more frequently treated with aminosalicylic acid than those with moderate(87.5%) and severe(76.5%) disease(P=0.028). Patients with severe CD(70.6%) more often required nutritional support than those with mild(28.0%) and moderate(43.8%)(P =0.000). It appears that medical treatment regimens and the requirement for surgical intervention were independent of the disease location of CD. More patients presented with extraintestinal manifestations after Year 2000(52.4%) thanbefore Year 2000(38.2%)(P=0.048). In addition, aminosalicylic acids, corticosteroids, immunomo-dulators, and nutritional support have been more widely used since Year 2000. A higher polymorphic neutrophil per-centage count in peripheral blood and lower serum total protein and albumin were associated with an increased risk for surgical intervention. 59 patients(37.3%) required surgical therapy, of whom 53(89.8%) underwent surgery for CD-associated complications, including intestinal obstruction, perforation, or fistula. Conclusion s The peak onset age of CD was 20~29 years. There was a trend of more frequent use of aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and nutritional support since Year 2000. Choice among medical treatment regimens and the requirement of surgical intervention appeared to be associated with disease severity, but not disease location. Poor nutritional status was associated with an increased risk for surgical intervention. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Evaluation of Airway Remodeling in Asthma Patients by HRCT ZHANG Xiao-yan, LIN Jiang-tao, LI Xiang-ning, LIU Cui-li, YANG Meng, YU Hong-xia 2010, 7(5): 272-276.  Abstract ( 190 )   PDF (491KB) ( 326 )   Objective To explore the condition of airway remodeling in asthma patients by HRCT. Methods Everyone performed HRCT for the evaluation of the severity of asthma and airway remodeling. Quantitative assessment was used to analyze the thickness of airway wall(T, T/D) and airway w all area(WA, WA%). Results Comparison of Group1 (mild persistent asthma) and Group2(moderate and severe persistent) asthma with 20 control subjects revealed signif-icantly higher values of WA [(12.53±4.19)mm2 for Group1, (14.68±5.96)mm2 for Group2 and(9.32±3.78)mm2 for controls, P<0.05], respectively and WA% of Group1 and Group2 were higher than control subjects,but no significant differences between each other.[(70.51±7.04)%, (73.50±7.27)% and (64.80±5.45)%, P<0.05]. T and T/D of Group2 were higher than Group1 and control subjects(P<0.05), but had no statistically significant differences between Group1 and control subjects(P>0.05). Conclusion HRCT is one of the Methods to evaluate the airway remodeling of asthma patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Cases after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention XIE Shuang, XU Bo, YANG Yue-jin, LOU Ying, LI Yi-shi 2010, 7(5): 277-280.  Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (602KB) ( 256 )   Objective To analyze upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage cases after coronary angiography and/or percuta-neous coronary intervention. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinical information of 33 524 patients un-dergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneons coronary intervention in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2009, 42 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, were analyzed. Results The majority of upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in percutaneous coronary intervention within 48 hours after treatment, mostly for a small amount of bleeding and in the patients with muti-vessel disease, and more men than women. Conclusion Upper gastrointestinal bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention were caused by a variety of reasons. In the application process, identification and treatment for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage should be strengthened. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Acute Severe Anaphylaxis Cases of Nonionic Coronary Contrast Media LOU Ying, XU Bo, YANG Yue-jin, XIE Shuang, LI Yi-shi 2010, 7(5): 281-285.  Abstract ( 211 )   PDF (633KB) ( 178 )   Objective To summarize and analyze acute severe anaphylactoid reaction cases of nonionic coronary contrast media during coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of 24 314 patients undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneons coronary inter-vention in our hospital from December 2007 to December 2009, and analyzed the cases with acute severe anaphylactoid reactions to nonionic contrast media． Results 9 patients exhibited severe anaphylactoid reactions to nonionic contrast media, which typically occured within 1 hour after intravascular injection.The incidence is about 0.037%.The main symptom of severe anaphylactoid reactions to nonionic contrast media was significantly lower blood pressure, with various degree of arrhythmia, accompanied by symptoms of other systems. Oxygen, rehydration, and application of high-dose boost drugs(especially epinephrine) and corticosteroids were effective Methods of treatment. Conclusion Nonionic contrast media can be used safely during coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention. However, in the application process, identification and treatment for acute severe anaphylactoid reactions should be strengthened. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the In-Hospital Mortality Rate of the Patients Using Two Types Thrombolytic Agents HUA Lu, ZHANG Ye-ping, PANG Hui-min, HU Ying, LI Yi-shi 2010, 7(5): 286-289.  Abstract ( 177 )   PDF (680KB) ( 138 )   Objective To study the in-hospital mortality rate of recombinant human tissue-type plasrninogen activator(rt-PA) and urokinase(UK) from 2005 to 2009. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the type of thrombolytic agents and cause of death in ST elevated acute myocardial infarctiong patients(n=57) and pulmonary thromboembolism pa-tients(n=60). Results In the 117cases, ten patients died in hospital due to cardiac shock(n=6)、cardiac rupture(n=3) and ventricular fibrillation(n=1). No case died of bleeding complication. Seven of ten deaths suffered acute myocardial infarction. The other 3 deathes due to cardiac shock suffered pulmonary thromboembolism. About 84%(98 cases) patients used rt-PA, of whom seven patients died. In the patients using UK(n=19), 3 cases died. Conclusion The in-hospital mortality rate of the patients using thrombolytic therapy was mainly associated with underlying diseases. The scientific and standardized thrombolytic therapy is safe. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Overview of the Risk Management and Regulation in Medical Device DONG Fang 2010, 7(5): 290-292.  Abstract ( 937 )   PDF (501KB) ( 737 )   Risk management of medical device is an important management which insure it safety and effectiveness. It run through all the life of medical device and could implement the supervisory program standards, and the regulation as the fundamental directory for the risk management. This paper analyses the status quo of risk management in medical device include the responsibility of different body duty and relevant regulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey on Drug Use of Sanitary Institutions and Residents in Urban and Rural Areas of Liaoning Province GENG Feng-ying, YANG Yue, XIAO Ai-li, WANG Jia-yi, DU Xiao-xi 2010, 7(5): 293-297.  Abstract ( 183 )   PDF (670KB) ( 131 )   Objective The aim of the report is to understand basic drug use of sanitary institutions and residents, to identify unreasonable drug use, to put forward suggestions, and to ensure the secure, economic and effective drug use of the institutions and residents. Methods The Methods of doing the research include multistage sampling of descriptions of five urban community health service center and five rural hospitals in Liaoning Province, using ques-tionnaires to collect drug use habits of both patients in hospitals and residents, and analyzing the data using spss13.0. In the process of the survey, direct observation and interview Methods were also used to collect information. Results The main findings is as followed, there exists irrational drug use in basic sanitary institutions, the new rural medical cooperation with each other aggravates irrational drug use, and the residents' cognitive level of drug use is still low. Conclusion Policies should be enacted and implemented after the mutual cooperation between different departments. The rational drug use level should be improved in basic sanitary institutions. The public's awareness of safe drug use should be improved through advocacy and training. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Security Overview of Sulfonylurea in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes During JIN Feng, LI Lei, GUAN Yu, QU Yi 2010, 7(5): 298-299.  Abstract ( 184 )   PDF (510KB) ( 180 )   With the development of medical standards and pharmaceutical industries, the application of hypoglycemic agents has played a significant role in the treatment of diabetes, but at the same time, drug-induced adverse reactions and rational use of drugs during the treatment of diabetes has also become to be the practical problems. In this paper, through a preliminary dissertation on the safety of sulfonylureas hypoglycemic agents, The purpose is to provide a reference of clinical rational use of drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Metabonomics and the Applications on the Safety Evaluation of Drug WEN Qing-hui, CHEN Ye, SUN Jian 2010, 7(5): 300-302.  Abstract ( 188 )   PDF (541KB) ( 157 )   Metabonomics refers to the quantitative measurement of the multi-parametric metabolic response of living systems to pathophysiological stimuli or genetic modifications. This paper introduced the major research Methods and discussed the usage in safety evaluation of drugs. It brings into full play role in the fundamental research of drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 86 Reports of Drug-induced Anaphylactic Shock WANG Dao-xiang, JING La-mei, WANG Jing-e, LIU Wu, FAN Wei 2010, 7(5): 303-305.  Abstract ( 194 )   PDF (799KB) ( 296 )   Objective To analyze the general regularity and rescue measures of the drug-induced anaphylactic shock, provide references for clinical reasonable use of medicine. Methods 86 reports of anaphylactic shock were analyzed retro-spectively in Jinan adverse drug reaction mornitoring center from 2007 to 2008. Results Anti-microbial drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine injections were the top two position. The highest incidence of intravenous drug, accounting for 95.35%. The majority of anaphylactic shock occurred within 5 minutes after administration, accounting for 39.53%. Mainly involve and damage included circulation, central nervous, respiratory and systemic. Conclusion The clinical should pay attention to drug-induced anaphylactic shock,strict indications medication, strengthen the guardianship medication. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Literature Analysis of 82 Adverse Drug Reaction Reports of Zedoray turmeric oil Injection YU Xiu-liu, ZENG Cong-yan, MEI Quan-xi 2010, 7(5): 306-308.  Abstract ( 175 )   PDF (638KB) ( 197 )   Objective To explore the general pattern and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR) induced by Zedoray turmeric oil injection so as to provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods A statistical analysis was conducted on 82 Zedoray turmeric oil injection-induced ADR cases reported in domestic medical journals. Results ADR of Zedoray turmeric oil were independent of patient's sex, and mostly occurred in the ≤10 ages group. They usually occurred in the first 10 minutes after taking the drug. ADR could involve in multiple organs and systems, and clinical manifestations were various, mainly were allergic reaction. Severe allergic reaction could result in anaphylactic shock. Conclusion Doctors and pharmacists should know the pattern and characteristics of ADR, and the use of Zedoray turmeric oil injection should be under strict monitoring to reduce the occurrence of serious ADR. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Brief Introduction on Aderse Drug Reaction Monitoring at the Grass-root Level QI Jian-ting 2010, 7(5): 314-315.  Abstract ( 173 )   PDF (672KB) ( 225 )   By combining with the practice of adverse drug reaction monitoring at the grass-roots level, analyze the existing problems and actuality and discuss the Methods and measures which can provide guidance and reference for adverse drug reaction monitoring. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thinking on Carraying out Medical Device Adverse Event Monitoring in Medical Institutions TANG Yong-Gang, LIN Guo-liang 2010, 7(5): 316-317.  Abstract ( 169 )   PDF (656KB) ( 341 )   By analyzing the existing problems in the medical institutions of the medical device adverse event monitoring, put forward some ideas with a view to carrying out the work of medical institutions, and to provide reference monitoring. References | Related Articles | Metrics