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08 March 2015, Volume 12 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effect Evaluation of Guanxin Danshen Formula by Combining with Effective Components on Acute Myocardial Ischemia Rats DOU Li-wen,HUANG Na-na,FENG Qun,LI Xiao-yu,SUN Rong 2015, 12(3): 129-132.  Abstract ( 321 )   PDF (429KB) ( 138 )   Objective To observe the protective effects of Guanxin danshen formula on pituitrin-induced acute myocardial ischemia in rats and to evaluate Guanxin danshen formula by combining with effective components. Methods The rat model of acute myocardial ischemia was established by injecting pituitrin into sublingual vein. The effects of medicine on electrocardiogram (ECG) ST segment and T wave in rats in different time after pituitrin injection were observed. Myocardial infarction size (MIS) of model rats was calculated and pathological examination of myocardial tissue was performed. These indexes were used to compare the difference of protective effects of Guanxin danshen formula by combining with effective components. Results Changes of ECG ST segment and T wave of pituitrin-induced acute myocardial ischemia rats were obviously inhibited by combining with effective components of Guanxin danshen formula. MIS was reduced and myocardial cells were protected. The Guanxin danshen formula group was the best to protect myocardial ischemia. Conclusion Guanxin danshen formula by combining with effective components can significantly inhibit acute myocardial ischemia in rats caused by pituitrin. The sequence of potency is as follows: Guanxin danshen formula, Danshen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) and Sanqi (Radix Notoginseng), Danshen and Jiangxiang (Dalbergia odorifera), Danshen, Sanqi and Jiangxiang. The Results of effective components combinations accord with the compatibility of formula. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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LD50 Determination of Ethanol Extracts of Eupatorium Adenophorum Spreng after Intragastric Administration in Mice YANG Hong-qin,ZHANG Xu-qiang,DONG Shou-tang,GONG Xiao-min 2015, 12(3): 133-136.  Abstract ( 342 )   PDF (351KB) ( 176 )   Objective To measure the LD50 of ethanol extracts of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. Methods Kunming mice were given the ethanol extracts of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng by intragastric administration. Through the pre experiment, to find out the 0% and 100% lethal dose (Dmin , Dmax) of ethanol extracts of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng, as a basis for the formal test, to calculate the group distance of experimental group. The detailed reactions and death Results of mice were observed and recorded through the formal test, LD50 was calculated with probit weighted regression method (Bliss) by the SPSS 17.0 statistics software. Results LD50 of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng was 126.3 g·kg-1, and 95% confidence interval was 107.8~146.6 g·kg-1. Conclusion The toxicity of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng is higher. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Huashi Decoction and Runfuzhiyang Cream on Cell Immunologic Function in Mice with Eczema LI Chun-guang,WANG Yue-fei,ZHAO Hong-ye,LI Hui,LIU Bin,SUN Ying,DONG Hui,LIU Meng,LIU Jing,WANG Bin 2015, 12(3): 137-139.  Abstract ( 303 )   PDF (463KB) ( 123 )   Objective To observe the peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ of animal models in mice with eczema, analyze the influence of Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream for CD4+, CD8+ and its ratio in mice with eczema and explore the mechanism of Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream. Methods 60 healthy adult Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control group, eczema model group, eczema positive drug group, Huashi decoction group, Runfuzhiyang cream group and Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream group, eczema models were established in all groups except for the blank control group. Blank control group and eczema model group were not given treatment. Eczema positive drug group was treated by triamcinolone acetonide acetate econazole cream. Huashi decoction group, Runfuzhiyang cream group and Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream group were treated by corresponding drug, 1 times daily. The T lymphocyte subpopulation in the mice peripheral blood was determined by flow cytometry. Results Compared with eczema model group, mice peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes' percentage and CD4+/CD8+ T significantly increased (P all< 0.01), and CD8+ T lymphocytes' percentage decreased significantly (P all<0.01) in eczema positive drug group,Huashi decoction group, Runfuzhiyang cream group and Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream group. Compared with eczema positive drug group, mice peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes' percentage and CD4+/CD8+ T were significantly lowered (P <0.01), CD8+ T lymphocytes' percentage increased significantly (P <0.01)in Huashi decoction group and Runfuzhiyang cream group; while mice peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes, CD8+ T lymphocytes' percentage and CD4+T/CD8+ T had no difference(P>0.05) in Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream group. Compared with Huashi decoction group and Runfuzhiyang cream group, mice peripheral blood CD4+ T lymphocytes' percentage, CD8+ T lymphocytes' percentage and the effect of CD4+ T/CD8+ T had significant difference (P<0.01 or P <0.05) in the Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream group. Conclusion Huashi decoction combined with Runfuzhiyang cream may restore the cellular immune function and correct the immune disorders in mice with eczema by increasing the percentage of CD4+T, reducing the percentage of CD8+ T lymphocytes and increasing CD4+/CD8+ to correct the CD4+T lymphocytes decrease relatively and CD8+T lymphocytes' percentage increase relatively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Prunella vulgaris L. on Expressions of IL-1α,IL-4,IL-8 and TNF-α in Saliva of Patients with Acne ZHAO Jun-ru,WANG Wen-yu,ZUO Fu-guo,LI Xiao-qian,HU Dong-pei 2015, 12(3): 140-143.  Abstract ( 283 )   PDF (435KB) ( 199 )   Objective To detect effects of Prunella vulgaris L. on expressions of IL-1α、IL-4、IL-8 and TNF-α in saliva of patients with acne. Methods 100 patients with severe acne were treated with water extract of Prunella vulgaris L. for a week, 15 g·d-1 each person, including 38Ⅱlevel patients, 27 Ⅲ level patients, 35 Ⅳ level patients. 40 cases of normal people were selected as control. The levels of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-8 and TNF-α were respectively measured before and after treatment by ELISA kits. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-8 and TNF-α had different degree of rise. The variability of the population were all Ⅳ level＞Ⅲ level＞Ⅱ level. The levels of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly decreased. Conclusion The onset of acne was closely related with the expression of IL-1α, IL-4, IL-8 and TNF-α in saliva, illustrating the immune factors played important roles in the onset and development of acne. Further study of the pathogenesis of acne immune mechanism has a guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and therapy, Prunella vulgaris L. may be effective for acne by adjusting peripheral immune factors in patlents with acne. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of the Antipyretic Effects between Living Rhino Horn and Rhino Horn FENG Run-dong,CAO Lei,LIU Rui,SONG Bing-xue,LIU Jing,CAO Yong-xiao 2015, 12(3): 144-146.  Abstract ( 289 )   PDF (517KB) ( 115 )   Objective To observe the difference in antipyretic effects between living rhino horn and rhino horn by the comparative research method. Methods The antipyretic effect of the living rhino horn was evaluated in rabbit fever model by subcutaneous injection of bacterial endotoxin, and in rat fever model by subcutaneous injection of dried yeast. Results The living rhino horn of 50, 100 and 200 mg·kg-1 significantly reduced the temperature of fever rabbits. The living rhino horn of 220 and 440 mg·kg-1 significantly prevented the body temperature from rising in rats. There was no significant difference in antipyretic effects between the traditional rhino horn and the living rhino horn at the same dose. Conclusion The antipyretic effect of living rhino horn is equal to that of the traditional rhino horn, and the living rhino horn can be used as a substitute of rhino horn. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation of Capsaicin-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex and Predicting Inclusion Constants LI Hong-shu,ZHANG Ling,CHEN Li,ZHANG Li 2015, 12(3): 147-149.  Abstract ( 337 )   PDF (502KB) ( 286 )   Objective To prepare capsaicin-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (CAP-β-CD) and inspect their solubilities. Methods CAP-β-CD was prepared by the coprecipitation method and optimum formation conditions for preparation was selected by orthogonal design. The measurements of the apparent solubility and equilibrium constant were carried out by phase solubility diagram. Results The optimal conditions for forming CAP-β-CD complexes were 21:1 of capsaicin to cylcodextrin molar ratio, 70℃of temperature, 70 rpm of stirring strength, and 6 h of reaction duration at pH 11. The solubilities of capsaicin in inclusion complexes were the biggest at 25, 37, 45 ℃, which were 0.32, 0.60, 1.08 mg·mL-1, respectively. Conclusion By forming stable inclusion complex with β-CD, the solubility of capsaicin was increased. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Legislative Proposals of the Drug Illegal Acts and Torts Based on the Revise of the Drug Administration Law of PRC LI Ming-shi,YANG Yue 2015, 12(3): 150-155.  Abstract ( 419 )   PDF (527KB) ( 310 )   Objective To compare the definitions, legal liabilities of drug illegal acts and torts in US and Europe, so as to provide reference for building drug responsibility legal system in our country. Methods Using the method of literature study and comparative study, this paper discusses the drug illegal acts and torts in different laws. Results Illegal acts and torts refer to administrative regulation and product liability, at present, the Drug Administration Law in our country pays close attention to drug quality constraint mechanism and administrative compliance, but Product Quality Law and Tort Law are Lack of effective connect of liability system. At the same time, the definitions of defect and illegal acts are imperfect, and the compensation doesn't consider the badness degree of the illegal behavior and the damage consequence. So there are many problems in the judicial practice and law enforcement operations. Conclusion Our country should take steps to define drug illegal acts and torts clearly, revise the regulations to guide the management of drugs, to make sure of the safety of public health. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Application of Electronic Healthcare Records in Pharmacovigilance in US and EU WANG Ling 2015, 12(3): 156-159.  Abstract ( 394 )   PDF (523KB) ( 170 )   Objective To provide thought and references for the promotion of ADR monitoring in China. Methods Study on the current state and the practical application by using of data from electronic healthcare records for pharmacovigilance. The shortcomings were summarized and analyzed, suggestions on improving ADR monitoring and post-marketing clinical studies were put forward based on HIS. Results &Conclusion It can get data from the real world to carry out the ADR monitoring by using the HIS, improving the quality of ADR reporting at source and reducing the omission.To strengthen active surveillance can make up for the inadequacy of spontaneous reporting. It is a good way to improve the quality and the value of ADR monitoring. We should draw lessons from foreign advanced experience and technology, strengthen the HIS construction and information comprehensive utilization. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Causes of Senecio Scandens Clinical Adverse Reactions YIN Li-shun,LI Xiao-yu,SUN Rong 2015, 12(3): 160-163.  Abstract ( 357 )   PDF (577KB) ( 629 )   Objective To review the research status of Senecio scandens clinical adverse reactions, in order to offer accordance and study ideas for further safety evaluation. Methods References in the last decades at home and abroad about Senecio scandens clinical reports of adverse reactions were collated, analyzed and summarized. Results The most serious adverse reaction of Senecio scandens is hepatotoxicity, which is related to the long-term use, dosage, a mixture of varieties, compatibility, preparation technology and the difference of individual, and especially long-term use is the main cause of death of clinical cases. Studies have shown that pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) contained in Senecio scandens are the main material basis of hepatotoxicity. Conclusion For the causes of Senecio scandens clinical adverse reactions, the hepatotoxicity damage regularity and material basis of Senecio scandens and its Chinese traditional patent medicine should be urgently studied, and intracorporal process of toxic substances and "toxicodynamics-toxicokinetics" relevance evaluation are distinguished, to formulate safety margin of the body, perfect and improve the quality standards as well as ensure clinical medication safety. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study Progress of Drug-induced Acute Kidney Injury FAN Qian-qian,KONG Xu-dong,DENG Ang,TANG Kun 2015, 12(3): 164-168.  Abstract ( 383 )   PDF (596KB) ( 273 )   As an important part of disease prevention, treatment and diagnosis, drugs are the common source of acute kidney injury (AKI). There are various kinds of nephrotoxic drugs, and AKI can be induced either by a single drug or combination of several drugs. The main mechanisms of drug-induced AKI include acute tubular necrosis and acute interstitial nephritis. The risk factors involve drug-related factors (such as nephrotoxicity, dosage and duration) and patient-related factors (such as age, hypovolemia, chronic kidney disease). This article is a review of common or unnoticeable nephrotoxic drugs on the purpose of calling for attention to nephrotoxic drugs and AKI risk factors and providing warnings for clinical drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 57 Cases of Adverse Drug Reations Induced by Iopromide Injection LIU Sheng-you,JIN Fen,QIN Wei-min 2015, 12(3): 169-171.  Abstract ( 379 )   PDF (619KB) ( 210 )   Objective To study clinic features and regularity of Adverse Drug Reaction(ADR) induced by iopromide injection, so as to provide a reference to reduce the risk of its use. Methods 57 ADR cases of iopromide injection are collected and analyzed statistically from CNKI articles from Jan. 1994 to Dec. 2013. Results In 57 patients, the ratio between male and female was 1:1. The ADR was mainly from the 40～59 age group. 87.72% of ADR induced by iopromide injection occurred in 1 hour. The clinical manifestations varied broadly, in which anaphylactic shock showed the highest incidence and the severest drug adverse reaction. Three patients eventually died of severe anaphylactic reaction. Conclusion In order to ensure the safe drug use, it is necessary to carefully monitor the occurrence of anaphylactic reaction, early recognition and intervention is also critical. Clinical use of iopromide injection should follow the SFDA recommendations strictly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Literature Analysis of 44 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Fat-soluble Vitamin for Injection YI Dan 2015, 12(3): 172-174.  Abstract ( 298 )   PDF (713KB) ( 206 )   Objective To explore the general characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR) induced by Fat-soluble vitamin for injection so as to provide references for rational clinical drug use. Methods ADR cases induced by Fat-soluble vitamin for injection reported in domestic medical journals during 1994～2014 were collected and analyzed statistically. Results ADR induced by Fat-soluble vitamin for injection often occurred within 30 min after injection. ADR could involve multiple organs and systems, and clinical manifestations were various, mainly allergic reactions. Severe allergic reactions could manifest dyspnoea and anaphylactic shock. Conclusion Clinical physicians and pharmacists should pay attention to the ADR induced by Fat-soluble vitamin for injection and persist in rational drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Quality Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions Reports in Zhongshan in 2013 LI Liang-hua,WEN Run-long,LUO wan-ting 2015, 12(3): 175-177.  Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (602KB) ( 187 )   Objective To analyze the quality of adverse drug reaction(ADR) reports in Zhongshan in 2013, so as to improve the ability of ADR reporting and assessment. Methods By using the method of retrospective study, 155 ADR reports in 18 monitoring units were chosen at random to evaluate the authenticity, integrity and accuracy. We verified the original data of ADR reports on site and gave a mark according to the scoring criteria to assess the quality of ADR reports. Results All monitoring units established the ADR system of reporting and monitoring, some of which did not update and put it in place. All of ADR reports could be traced and proved to be true. The quality score of ADR reports was generally good, but it needs to be improved in reporting time, ADR process description, drug information and so on. Conclusion Regular quality evaluation of ADR reports is an important job for municipal monitoring organization. Improving the quantity and quality of ADR reports can provide the scientific basis for drug risk monitoring. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Case Analysis and Pharmaceutical Care of Drug Fever Induced by Cefoperazone/Sulbactam for Perioperative Patient in Department of Orthopedics LAN Xiao-hong,ZHOU Yong-gang,ZHAO Hong-jun 2015, 12(3): 178-181.  Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (598KB) ( 289 )   Objective To investigate the role of the clinical pharmacist in the treatment of patients with dug fever induced by cefoperazone sulbactam and the focus of pharmaceutical care. Methods We analyzed the related literatures and typical case of drug fever induced by cefoperazone sulbactam occurred in our hospital. Results Considering that the causes of high fever could not be explained by infection, absorption heat and venous thrombosis of lower extremity, the intravenous drip of cefoperazone sulbactam was stopped, temperature of the patient returned to normal 5 days later. Conclusion If clincal pharmacists participate in the treatment of drug fever, it can help to judge patients' condition accurately, avoid misdiagnosis, mistreatment and wasting medical resources, and improve rational use of antimicrobial drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pharmaceutical Care for an Elderly Patient with Pulmonary Bacterial and Fungal Infection SUN Hong-shuang,NIE Chun-cheng,MA Hong-fang,CHEN He-jun,ZHONG Bao-gui 2015, 12(3): 182-183.  Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (685KB) ( 263 )   Objective To investigate the model of pharmaceutical care for elderly patients with pulmonary bacterial and fungal infection. Methods Through participating in the medication of one case of elderly patient with pulmonary bacterial and fungal infection, clinical pharmacist discussed the medication regimen with physicians, put forward effective suggestions for clinical medication scheme and provided reasonable pharmaceutical care. Results The effective pharmaceutical care improved the patient's therapeutic efficacy, individuated the clinical medication scheme. At last, this patient was cured. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists should take their advantages to contribute to clinical therapy, optimize the medication regimen from the medicine choice, interactions, adverse reactions and so on. References | Related Articles | Metrics