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10 March 2011, Volume 8 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Experimental Study on Chronic Toxicity in Rats Caused by Different Components of Rhizoma Menispermi ZHANG Li-mei, YANG Qian, QIAN Xiao-lu, LUO Dong, SUN Rong 2011, 8(3): 129-134.  Abstract ( 184 )   PDF (691KB) ( 119 )   Objective The obvious toxical symptoms and signs, the toxic damage extents and reversibility were observed in rats caused by different components from Rhizoma Menispermi. Methods The 140 rats were divided into seven groups such as normal group, water extract and alcohol extract of high, medium and low dose. The general conditions including the bodyweight, diet and behavior were observed, the blood routine, the biochemical indicators, organ/bodyweight rate, the important organs such as heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and et al, and pathological changes were detected after water extract and alcohol extract administrated. The changes were observed during the recovery period. Results The Wistar rat’s weight, diet and drinking were decreased; the activity of ALT, AST, ALP in serum were increased; the liver weight and volume ratio was increased after given water extract and the liver, kidney weight and volume ratio were increased after given alcohol extract from Rhizoma Menispermi to Wistar rats by intragastric for 27 and 33 days. The damage of liver and kidney toxicity in rats show an obvious dosage relationship and after the convalescence, the partial lesions were irreversible. Conclusion The main chronic toxical damage is liver and kidney caused by water extract and alcohol extract of Rhizoma Menispermi especially the alcohol extract, and part of the lesions were irreversible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Detection of Inflammatory Cytokines Secreted by LPS-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells by Means of Cytometric Bead Array LIU Hong, LV Jun-hai, NIU Xiao-hong, MA Yan-yan, LI Jing-zhe, SUN Jian, YU You-hua 2011, 8(3): 135-138.  Abstract ( 232 )   PDF (446KB) ( 353 )   Cytometric bead array(CBA) method for the detection of secreted cytokines was established and optimized on FACSAriaⅠcytometer. The concentrations of IL-6、IL-10、MCP-1、TNF、IFN- 、IL12p70 cytokines secreted by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were detected by means of CBA． Berberine can significantly down-regulate secretion of various inflammatory cytokines. The inhibitory rate of 12μmol/L berberine against IL-10, IFN- , TNF, IL-12 p70 were 5.10±0.24% ,18.64±3.95%, 22.59±0.56%, 68.27±2.49%, respectively. Berberine at 48μmol/L remarkably inhibited the increasing expression of IL-10, IFN- , TNF, IL-12 p70 stimulated by LPS by 45.62±1.51%, 39.00±3.58%, 79.61±5.17%, 92.03±0.85%. CBA assay is a realistic high-throughput approach for the detection of inflammatory cytokines because of its sensitivity, efficiency, cost-effectiveness and reproducibility. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Study of Sodium Ozagrel in Treating Acute Cerebral Infarction SUN Zhu-ye 2011, 8(3): 139-140.  Abstract ( 207 )   PDF (378KB) ( 308 )   Objective To observe the effect of sodium ozagrel in treating the acute cerebral infarction and the change of hemorheology pre and post treatment. Methods Eighty patients of acute cerebral infarction were divided into two groups averragely at random the treatment group and the control group. The former were given 80mg sodium ozagrel solved in 250mL 0.9% sodium chloride, one time a day. And the latter were given 500mL low molecular Dextran with 160mg ligustrazine one time a day. Both were given the drug by intravenous drop for fourteen days.The index of hemorheology and the evaluation of clinical the rapentic effect were observed. Results The effect of treatment group was more significant than the control group(P<0.01), and the low and high-shear whole blood viscosity, plasma shear viscosity,hematocrit and fibrinogen were lowered down in the treatment group. Cranial CT showded that the infarction area also had an more significant improvement(P<0.01). Conclusion Sodium ozagrel can improve the dinical symptoms in treating the acute cerebral infarction significantly and lower down the index of hemorheology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Microwave-assisted Extraction Process of Paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactif lora Pall ZHANG Qing-qing, YUE Long, WANG Zhi-xiang, OU YANG Wei, DANG Bei-lei 2011, 8(3): 141-144.  Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (457KB) ( 308 )   Objective To study the technology of extracting paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactif lora Pall by microwave-assisted extraction(MAE). To establish the regression model between the yield of paeoniflorin and the major effecting factors. Methods The optimum extraction process was selected by orthogonal design. The Results of the orthogonal experiments and the regression model were analyzed by STATISTICA6.0 software. Results The optimum extraction condition was explored as: particle diameter 60 mesh, ethanol-water composition 70%, solvent volume(ratio of solvent to solid) 13 mL·g-1, extraction time 8 minutes, extraction temperature 60 ℃, power of microwave 500 W. Extracted for 3 times, and the average yield of paeoniflorin was 2.225%. Conclusion The technology process is stable and feasible. And it’s suitable for industrial production of extracting paeoniflorin by MAE. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on The Extraction of Oligosaccharides from Yacon by Microwave-assisted Extraction LI Xin-hai, LIANG Zhao-hui, CAI Jin-yuan, YANG Bei-ni, ZHENG Hao, CHEN Xiao-liang, WANG Zhi-xiang 2011, 8(3): 145-146.  Abstract ( 166 )   PDF (429KB) ( 181 )   Objective To determine the extraction process of oligosaccharides from Yacon by microwave-assisted extraction. Methods Microwave-assisted extraction was used to extract oligosaccharides from Yacon. The yield of oligosaccharides was used as the evaluation index,and extraction temperature, extraction time、liquid/solid ratio, microwave power, microwave time, analytical agent ratio as affecting factors, the optimal extraction process was determined by orthogonal experiments. Results The optimal extraction process was set as follows: extraction temperature 80℃, extraction time 60min, liquid/solid ratio 5:1, microwave power 700W, microwave time 180s, analytical agent ratio 7:1. Conclusion Under the optimum conditions, the average yield of oligosaccharides was 52.85%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of the Extraction Process of the Flavonoid from Ginkgo Biloba Leaves ZHANG Lin-tao, ZHANG Feng, WANG Zhi-xiang, WU Xian-kun, CAI Jin-yuan 2011, 8(3): 147-150.  Abstract ( 230 )   PDF (506KB) ( 344 )   Objective To obtain the optimal extraction process of the flavonoid from ginkgo biloba leaves. Methods The flavonoid was extracted by borax-calcium hydrate water solution from ginkgo biloba leaves. The factors such as extraction temperature, liquid/solid ratio, borax content in aqueous solution, pH value and extraction time were optimized by the response surface methodology. Results The optimum extraction conditions were as follows：extraction temperature 90℃, liquid/solid ratio 20:1mL·g-1, borax content in aqueous solution 1%, pH value 7.42, extraction time 55.3min. Under the optimal condition, the yield of flavonoid was 85.57%. Conclusion The optimal extraction process is secure and reliable. And it’s significant for industrial production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Microwave-assisted Extraction Process of Pulegone from Schizoepeta tenuifolia Briq SUN Jian-zhong, ZHANG Qing-qing, WANG Zhi-xiang 2011, 8(3): 151-153.  Abstract ( 172 )   PDF (488KB) ( 272 )   Objective To investigate the technology of extracting pulegone from Schizoepeta tenuifolia Briq by microwave-assisted extraction(MAE). Methods The optimum extraction process was selected by single-factor experiments. The influences of microwave-power, particle size, the concentration of ethanol, the volume of solvent, extraction temperature and extraction time on the yield of pulegone were discussed. The yield of pulegone was analyzed and determined by GC in all the experiments. Results The Results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were established as follows: microwave-power 300 W, particle size 40-60 mesh, the concentration of ethanol 60%, the volume of solvent 20 mL·g-1, extraction temperature 50 ℃, radiation time 20 min. Extracted for 3 times, and the average yield was 0.0178 35%. Conclusion The technology process is stable and feasible. And it’s suitable for industrial production of extracting paeoniflorin by MAE. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization of Ultrasonic Extraction Conditions of Geniposide OUYANG Wei, YUE Long, WANG Zhi-xiang, ZHANG Qing-qing, DANG Bei-lei 2011, 8(3): 154-157.  Abstract ( 201 )   PDF (706KB) ( 487 )   Objective To study the technology of extracting geniposide from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis by ultrasound extraction. Methods Based on the single-factor experiments, a four-factor-three-level experiment design was developed by Box-Behnken central composite design method. Multi-quadratic equation was established with the yield of geniposide as response values. Results The optimum extraction condition was obtained as follows: ultrasound power 750.87 W, extraction time 46.57 min, ethanol concentration 52.06 % and ethanol volume(ratio of solvent to solid) 1:64.09 g·mL-1. The predictive maximum extraction yield was 36.16 mg·g-1 while the average experimental value was 35.49 mg·g-1, with the relative error of 1.85%. Conclusion The method is reliable, and can be used for industrial production. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Elevationof theQualityandSafetyofChineseMateriaMedicaPreparationDuetotheImprovement of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extraction Process WANG Zhi-xiang 2011, 8(3): 157-157.  Abstract ( 211 )   PDF (516KB) ( 213 )   Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Stratification Analysis in Adverse Drug Reaction Signal Detection ZHAO Lu, YE Xiao-fei, WANG Chao, QIAN Wei, DU Wen-min, HE Jia 2011, 8(3): 158-160.  Abstract ( 265 )   PDF (467KB) ( 292 )   As is well known, it is impossible to allocate the drug users in a randomized way under the post-marketing surveillance. Therefore, it is hard to control the confounding factor in signal detection of adverse drug reaction(ADR) databases. It is important to control the potential confounding effects during the analysis of ADR databases and detect signals in a more accurate way. This article briefly used the method of stratification analysis in controlling confounding factors. We analyzed the spontaneous reporting database of shanghai in 2009 with some Methods. We compared the difference between stratification analyze and non-stratification analysis. We expect that this article can provide some effective information for the post-marketing surveillance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Non-clinical Safety Evaluation Approaches Applied to Traditional Chinese Medicine Injection YAN Guang-yan, BU Qian, CEN Xiao-bo 2011, 8(3): 161-164.  Abstract ( 242 )   PDF (563KB) ( 286 )   The adverse reaction feature of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) injection as well as the safety evaluation approaches applied to TCM injection are described in this paper and the Methods used for allergic response evaluation are discussed intensively.,so as to provid suggestions for the safety study of TCM. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Exploration of Medical Device Adverse Event Report Evaluation LIU Bin, ZHAI Wei, MA Ning, ZHOU Li-Xin 2011, 8(3): 165-167.  Abstract ( 177 )   PDF (695KB) ( 326 )   321 cases of suspicious medical device adverse event reports which were received by Beijing center of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring in 2009 were analyzed by existing quality evaluation method. The Results indicated that the traceability of products was poor from the quality assessment report. And some measures were proposed like strengthen publicity, improving the awareness of medical device adverse event monitoring; strengthen the management of high-risk medical devices traceability, conducting the research of key species report, the subject of evaluation norms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Pratice and Thought of Medical Device Adverse Event Monitoring in Shandong Province LI Pan-hai, FENG Qiao-qiao, TIAN Yue-jie, HUANG Lin 2011, 8(3): 168-170.  Abstract ( 203 )   PDF (574KB) ( 247 )   This paper introduced the status of medical device adverse event monitoring in Shandong province. The major work was summarized since the start of medical device adverse event monitoring, and how to better carry out the medical device adverse event monitoring was thought and explored in Shandong province in the future. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Application and Performance Evaluation of Blood-glucose Onitoring System for Self-testing DONG Jin-chun 2011, 8(3): 171-173.  Abstract ( 191 )   PDF (560KB) ( 292 )   Blood-glucose monitoring system for self-testing has becoming an important tool for patients and medical institution to monitor the blood-glucose concentration of diabetics. Applying blood-glucose monitoring system with different monitoring theories to diabetics from different areas, different population, with different diseases and different treatment allows better monitoring of blood-glucose concentration, which further reduces the monitoring deviation. The purpose of this paper is to study how to choose the desirable blood-glucose monitoring system and how to evaluate the performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Pharmacological Effects of Yishenwufa Oral Liquid Related with Efficacy and Material Basis QIAN Xiao lu, SUN Rong 2011, 8(3): 174-176.  Abstract ( 222 )   PDF (584KB) ( 206 )   Objective By studying the pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms of Yishenwufa oral liquid based on its active compositions, in order to evaluate the Yishenwufa oral liquid’s pharmacological characteristics in treating liver, kidney diseases and white hair, and offer the references and research ideas for innovative drugs. Methods The related references in recent years both at home and abroad about Yishenwufa oral liquid were analyzed, collated and summarized. Results Yishenwufa oral liquid is a compound preparation which is formed by a number of Chinese herbal medicines that can treat liver, kidney diseases and white hair. Conclusion Although the Yishenwufa oral liquid has few adverse drug reaction(ADR) reports, but we can’t say that it hasn’t the side effects. Different herbs of Yi shen wu fa oral liquid should be studied in order to explore the Yishenwufa oral liquid’s pharmacology and toxicology characteristics. The Yishenwufa oral liquid’s toxic substances and toxicity mechanism based on pharmacodynamic research of material composition should be studied so as to provide references and research ideas for innovative drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical Analysis and Pharmaceutical Care of Inpatients with Drug Eruption PENG Gui-Qing, SHEN Qian, ZHANG Hua-Feng 2011, 8(3): 177-179.  Abstract ( 192 )   PDF (595KB) ( 249 )   Objective To investigate the clinical feature and pharmaceutical care of inpatients with drug eruption, especially those with severe drug eruption. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical date on all patients(42cases) with drug eruption from July 2009 to December 2009. Results The composition of causative drugs was an-timicrobial drugs(50.00%), antipyretic analgesic(19.05%), biological products(4.76%), antigout drugs(2.38%). The com-position of clinical manifestation was rash erythematous(69.05%), maculopapular type(14.29%), urticaria type(7.14%), fixed eruption type(4.76%) and severe drug eruption. Conclusion The major involved drugs inpatients with drug eruption are antimicrobial drugs and antipyretic analgesic, while those in patients with severe types are antiepileptic drugs. It is necessary for medical staff to know the drug history of inpatients, stop using questionable allergize drugs promptly, receive pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 160 Cases Of Adverse Drug Reaction/Event of Used Anti-Neurosis Medicine with Inpatients ZHANG Li, QIAN Qiu-hong, SONG Jian-hong, FEI Yue, LING Yan-hong 2011, 8(3): 180-181.  Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (584KB) ( 322 )   Objective To investigate the antipsychotic-induced adverse drug reaction/event(ADR/ADE), and provide advice for the rational use of drugs. Methods To conduct a statistical analysis based upon the information from 160- inpatients with ADR/ADE which were reported from January 2007 to March 2010 in my hospital such as gender, age, dosage regimen, drug combination, etc. Results ADR/ADE is likely to be reported in various ages section during inpatients, particularly those are 30~60 years old. It involves seven systems, will mainly cause the central nervous system damage and hepatic dysfunction. Among those drug reported to have adverse reaction, there are more atypical antipsychotics reported than typical antipsychotics. Conclusion Medical institutions should pay attention to antipsychotic-induced adverse reactions and rational use of it. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Clinical Application of Vitamin K to Prevent and Treat Bleeding Because of Liver Diseases LIU Qian, DANG Da-sheng, CHENG Fei, ZHAO Qing-chun 2011, 8(3): 182-183.  Abstract ( 222 )   PDF (571KB) ( 831 )   Bleeding tendency is one of the most common complications for patients with liver diseases, such as bleeding because of vitamin K deficiency. For the patients, it’s essential to complement some vitamin K. However, the amount of supplementary vitamin K differs from person to person, and depends on some factors such as the degree of liver damage, the causes of bleeding, and so on. By analyzing the physic-chemical properties of vitamin K and the causes of bleeding for patients with liver diseases, to expound the influence on hepatic function of vitamin K and its clinical application in liver diseases. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 4512 Adverse Drug Reaction/Event Reports in Shantou CHEN De-mei, CHEN Pei-yao, ZHUANG Xu-xin, CAI-De 2011, 8(3): 184-186.  Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (719KB) ( 189 )   Objective Understanding adverse drug reaction(ADR) of medicine in Shantou City, to analyze the factors, characteristics and rules that lead to ADR, for providing references of the reasonable Clinical Trail. Methods Statistics and analysis 4 512 cases of ADR reports that collected from 2006 to 2009 by center for ADR. Results Out of the 4 512 cases ADR reports, The high mortality was middle aged and elderly people ADR; The formor three drug among 24 kinds medicines were Antibiotics, Central nervous system drugs and TCM; The major clinical expressions of ADR were a general harm and skin and appendix harms. Conclusion The major factor of ADR were age,medicine kinds, the kind of take medicine, and so on. ADR monitoring should be followed the principles of take medicine and strengthened to promote the clinical use of drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Itch of Skin Induced by Pentoxyverine Citrate DENGYong-kun 2011, 8(3): 187-187.  Abstract ( 186 )   PDF (518KB) ( 357 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Anaphylaxis Induced by Chymotrypsin KUANGJun-jian, WULi-ming 2011, 8(3): 188-188.  Abstract ( 199 )   PDF (549KB) ( 226 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Anaphylactic Shock Induced by Cefepime for Injection GE Hong-xing, LEI Zhao-bao 2011, 8(3): 189-189.  Abstract ( 620 )   PDF (544KB) ( 268 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Hyperuricemia Induced by Concentration Step-up of Ciclosporin DING Chun-lei, SUN Jian-zi, ZHANG Yi, et al 2011, 8(3): 190-190.  Abstract ( 207 )   PDF (564KB) ( 154 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Medication Errors: the Role of the Patient LIANGHai-tao(Translation), FU Wen-huan, WANGDa-you (Proofreading) 2011, 8(3): 191-192.  Abstract ( 185 )   PDF (1081KB) ( 189 )   Related Articles | Metrics