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10 August 2011, Volume 8 Issue 8 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Therapeutic Effects of Lamivudine and Transarterial Chemoembolization in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinomar ZHANG Xia, RUAN Xin-jian, LIU Chang, SONG Fei-xiang 2011, 8(8): 449-451.  Abstract ( 204 )   PDF (246KB) ( 165 )   Objective To investigate the efficacy of lamivudine and transarterial chemoembolization in primary hepatocellular carcinomar. Methods 32 primary hepatocellular carcinomar patients with hepatitis B virus infection were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into two groups. In research group,17 patients had received lamivudine and transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) and 15 patients in control group had undergone transarterial chemoembolization only. Results There were no significant differences between two groups in basic clinical materials,such as age,sex,tumor size, laboratory examination and performance status score,etc(P>0.05）.4 patients in the contral group had to stop treatment because of upper three grade liver function damagement with copies of HBV-DNA 10 folds higher than before. 2 patients in the research group had to stop treatment. One was because of three grade liver function damagement without copies of HBV-DNA higher than before,and the other one was because of serious infection in lung.The survival rates of 1 year, 2 years and the median survival time in reasearch group were 94.12%, 82.35% and 24.57 months, while that of contral group were 93.33%, 66.67% and 20.43 months, showing significance(P< 0.05). Conclusion TACE may promote the process of HBV replication.The activity of HBV can be inhibited by laminvudine to ensure TACE proceed smoothly and improve surviving.It deserves further study to identify the action of antivirus treatment in combined therapy in liver cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the Usage of Antibacterials for 232 Perioperative Nodular Goiter Patients WANG Li-hua 2011, 8(8): 452-453.  Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (281KB) ( 196 )   Objective To investigate the usage of prophylactic Antibacterials for perioperative nodular goiter patients in our hospital. Methods 232 nodular goiter cases were randomly selected from general surgery department during June-December 2010. Evaluation was carried out to investigate the preventive usage of antibacterials during perioperation, according to the Guiding Principles of Clinical Application of Antibacterials. Results Prophylactic antibacterials were used for all the 232 cases(100.0%), among which aminoglycosidesand penicillins were mostly used. Conclusion Admi-nistration and inspection should be enhanced for the perioperative antibacterials use, in order to improve clinical rational drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study on the Content of Saikosaponin a and Acute Toxicity of Different Extracted Craft Samples of Bupleurum and its Processed Products SUN Rong, HUANG Wei, YIN Jian-wei 2011, 8(8): 454-458.  Abstract ( 200 )   PDF (597KB) ( 136 )   Objective To discuss the influence of different extracted crafts on the content of saikosaponin a and acute toxicity of Bupleurum and its processed products. Methods Separately using water, 60% ethanol and 60% ethanol-water extracted methods,to prepare the extracts of different processed products. HPLC method and the classical method of acute toxicity were used to determine the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the Bupleurum and its processed products, and compare the content and the acute toxicity. Results The content of saikosaponin a on the water extracts of different processed products which included health products, fried products, vinegar products, wine products and honey roasted products was separately 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.00%, 0.04%, 0.00%, and calculated by crude drug content, the 60% ethanol extracts of different processed products was separately 0.15%, 0.06%, 0.30%, 0.09%, 0.08%, and calculated by crude drug content, the MTD were respectively 94, 93.6, 50.8, 60.4, 32 g·kg-1·d-1. The content of saikosaponin a on the 60% ethanol-water extracts of different processed products was separately 0.20%, 0.19%, 0.16%, 0.13%, 0.20%, and calculated by crude drug content, the MTD were respectively 46.4, 54.2, 62.4, 53.6, 48.4 g·kg-1·d-1. Making continuous observation of 14 days, dead mice were immediately dissected and there were no obvious pathological changes, and the weight and behavior could gradually restored. Conclusion The extracted crafts had different influence on the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the Bupleurum and its processed products, and the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the 60% ethanol-water extracted craft samples were the biggest, suggesting that the toxicity of Bupleurum had some relevance with the content of saikosaponin a. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Mechanism of Cytokine and NO Injury in the Hepatotoxical Injury in Rats Caused by Volatile Oil from Bupleurum Chinense YANG Qian, SUN Rong 2011, 8(8): 459-461.  Abstract ( 210 )   PDF (439KB) ( 182 )   Objective To study the effects of cytokine and NO on the hepatotoxical injury caused by volatile oil from Bupleurum Chinense and offer experimental basement for the explanation of mechanisms of hepatotoxical injury. Methods Volatile oil from Bupleurum Chinense of different dosages was given to Wistar rats by intragastric administration for fifteen days consecutively. The activity of iNOS and contents of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 and NO both in serum and liver were tested after the last administration. Results The siginificant increase of activity of iNOS and contents of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-10 and NO both in serum and liver can be induced by volatile oil from Bupleurum Chinense. Conclusion Hepatotoxical injury caused by volatile oil from Bupleurum Chinense can be mediated via cytokine. Nitric can aggravate the injury but the path by which it reacted is left to be studied. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Fingerprint of Volatile Oil from Bupleurum Chinense by Capillary GC SUN Ling, YANG Qian, WANG Jing-hu, HUANG Wei, SUN Rong 2011, 8(8): 462-464.  Abstract ( 187 )   PDF (503KB) ( 238 )   Objective To establish the fingerprint of volatile oil from Bupleurum Chinense by capillary GC. Methods The fingerprint analysis of volatile oil from Bupleurum Chinense was made by capillary GC. The analysis was performed on an HP-5(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm). The column was maintained at 50℃ for 10 min then elevated to 240℃ at 20℃·min-1 and maintained for 40 min. Gasifieation temperature：250℃, carry gas:N2(99.99%), flow rate:2.0mL·min-1, inlet volumn: 0.5μL; spliting ratio：(40：1), FID, injector temperature：250℃. Results The GC fingerprints were established and the 16 common peaks were found and identified with GC in volatile oil of 6 batches of Bupleurum Chinense. The comparison on similarity degree of the crude drugs from various habitats has been carried on and the correlative coefficient was over 0.9. Conclusion The capillary GC method is so simple and reliable that it is capable of effectively controlling the quality of Bupleurum Chinense. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of the Content of Saikosaponins and Saikosaponin a in Bupleurum Chinense DC. ZHU Lan-lan, SUN Ling, ZHAI Li-ping, HUANG Wei, LI Su-jun, LU Yong-hui, SUN Rong 2011, 8(8): 465-467.  Abstract ( 279 )   PDF (417KB) ( 716 )   Objective To establish the method for determination of the content of saikosaponins and saikosaponin a in Bupleurum Chinense DC, and carries on determination of the content of the sample of saikosaponins and saikosaponin a. Methods Saikosaponin a was used as the chemical reference substance determine the content of saikosaponins by UV-Visible Spectrophotometry. The absorbency was measured at 545nm. The content of saikosaponin a in Bupleurum Chinense DC was determined by HPLC. The samples were separated by C18 column(4.6mm×250mm, 5μm). The mobile phase is methyl-alcohol-water(70:30). The flow is 1mL·min-1. The detector wavelength is 210 nm. Results There was good linearity in the range of 30~70μg/mL(r=0.9956) for saikosaponins、in the range of 50.4~252μg/mL (r=0.9991) for saikosaponin a; The average recovery of saikosaponins and saikosaponin a were 99.31% and 99.22%, and RSD were 1.25% and 1.07%(n=6). Conclusion The methods for determination of the content of saikosaponins by UV-Visible Spectrophotometry and saikosaponin a by HPLC were proved to be simple, easy and fast to perform, and the results obtained were reliable and suitable. So, it can be used for the quantitative determination of saikosaponins and saikosaponin a in Bupleurum Chinense DC.To provide the basis for correctly using Bupleurum Chinense DC in the safe dose scope. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the Results of Pediatric Studies for 153 Products under the Pediatric Exclusivity Program in USA SHEN Lu, WANG Ya-li 2011, 8(8): 468-473.  Abstract ( 219 )   PDF (516KB) ( 151 )   Objective To quantify the frequency and type of new safety information arising from studies performed under the auspices of the Pediatric Exclusivity Program, to describe the dissemination of these findings in the peer-reviewed literature and compare this with the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA) review, and to describe their effect on pediatric labeling. Methods In a retrospective study, to review the 365 trials performed for 153 drugs under the Pediatric Exclusivity incentive from December 1997 through September 2007. To Analysis FDA publicly available records about new safety findings obtained from the trials and peer-reviewed literature retrievable by MEDLINE search, and compare the concordance of the information highlighted in the peer-reviewed article abstracts with the information in the FDA labeling and drug reviews. Results There were 137 labeling changes; we evaluated 129 of these (the 8 selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors were excluded from review). Thirty-three products(26%) had pediatric safety information added to the labeling. Of these, 12 products had neuropsychiatric safety findings and 21 had other important safety findings. Only 16 of 33 of these trials(48%) were reported in the peer-reviewed literature; however, 7 of 16 focused on findings substantively different from those highlighted in the FDA reviews and labeling changes. Conclusion Medication adverse events in children often differ from those in adults, particularly those that are neuropsychiatric in nature. Labeling changes for pediatric use demonstrate that pediatric drug studies provide valuable and unique safety data that can guide the use of these drugs in children. Unfortunately, most of these articles are not published, and almost half of the published articles focus their attention away from the crucial safety data. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Build Early-warning System for the Safety of Drug Using in Medical Institutions WANG Wei-wei, ZHEN Jian-cun, SHI Lu-wen 2011, 8(8): 474-476.  Abstract ( 216 )   PDF (502KB) ( 159 )   Objective To build early-warning system for the safety of drug using, improving drug use safety. Methods According to the early-warning theory and medical institutions' actual work, building indicator system, AHP. Results Build early-warning framework for the safety of drug using, proposing methods and suggestions. Conclusion Early-warning system should be concerned about and built. The government should attach importance to early-warning system. Medical institutions establish relevant management system; improve processing system for medication errors; establish inspiring and punishment mechanism for drug use rationally. Related Articles | Metrics

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The Understanding and Discussion about Conducting Prescription Reviews in Medical Institutions ZHAO Huai-quan 2011, 8(8): 477-479.  Abstract ( 213 )   PDF (577KB) ( 273 )   By researching the status of prescription in medical institutions and the related regulatory rules, we aim to analyze the important role of prescription reviews in the areas of safe, effective and rational use of drugs in medical institutions, and to explore the contents and methods of prescription reviews. It is suggested that the application research of prescription reviews based on the rational use of drugs should be strengthened and the systematic and standardized monitoring system of prescription reviews should be established. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on Establishment of Adverse Drug Reaction Relief System in China ZHOU Zhi-hong, LONG Xiang, FENG Mo, PAN Xian-liang, LING Bo-xun, WU Xiao-hong 2011, 8(8): 480-482.  Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (614KB) ( 155 )   Objective To explore the necessity, feasibility and maneuverability on establishment of adverse drug reactions relief system. Methods 5 800 people all of the China were surveyed about necessity, feasibility and maneuverability on establishment of adverse drug reactions relief system by a random survey method, using survey the establishment of adverse drug reactions relief system. Results 91.81% of respondents think that the damage caused by adverse drug reactions should; 89.32% of respondents think that it is necessary for establishing adverse drug reaction relief system; 77.72% of the respondents think that it can be remedied by the purchase of commercial insurance. Conclusion It is necessary for establishing adverse drug reactions relief system. We can establish a mainly on government relief fund-based, Auxiliary on commercial insurance to relief the occurrence of serious adverse drug reaction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis on the Pediatric Adverse Drug Reaction/Event FENG Hong-yun, LIU Cui-li, HOU Yong-fang 2011, 8(8): 483-485.  Abstract ( 214 )   PDF (563KB) ( 291 )   By analyzing the current situation and reasons of pediatric adverse drug reaction in china, to suggest that all stakeholders including the government, regulators, manufacturers, medical staff and guardian, should participate and make efforts to ensure pediatric medication safty. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Medical Staff's Recognition Degree about ADR In Our Hospital ZHAO Xi-rong, YANG Li-yu, LIAN Bo, LI Li-hua, AN Ai-jun 2011, 8(8): 486-488.  Abstract ( 191 )   PDF (521KB) ( 244 )   Objective To conduct a survey about adverse drug reactions(ADR) knowledge among medical staff in our hospital as to improve and promote the reporting and monitoring of ADR. Methods The medical staffs in our hospital were investigated about recognition of ADR by questionnaire and investigation results were analyzed. Results About the concept of ADR, reporting processes and the organization of ADR, the medical stuff in our hospital were clear, and lacked the range of reporting and legal consciousness of ADR. Conclusion It is necessary to carry out training on professional knowledge among the medical staff so as to enhance their recognition degree to the ADR and to elevate their consciousness in the ADR monitoring. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Study of Hunan Basic-level Adverse Drug Reaction Sentinel Surveillance YU Yong-hong, CHEN Guang-jian, CHEN Xi 2011, 8(8): 489-491.  Abstract ( 208 )   PDF (560KB) ( 195 )   To investigate the necessity and feasibility of establishing basic-level adverse drug reaction sentinel surveillance, formulate the safety supervision policy of essential medicines in our province. The research adopts the questionnaire survey, on-the-spot inspection, seminar, statistical analysis, summarization to understand the basic-level ADR monitoring status. All of the subjects agree on establishing basic-level adverse drug reaction sentinel surveillance, but the organization, personnel and funds are the critical factors which hamper the sustainable development of sentinel surveillance. From this study, we think that it is feasible to establish basic-level adverse drug reaction sentinel surveillance in our province. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Study of Drug Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease Related with Molecular Mechanisms QIAN Xiao-lu, SUN Rong 2011, 8(8): 492-494.  Abstract ( 222 )   PDF (668KB) ( 329 )   Objective The drug treatment of Alzheimer's Disease(AD) was studied by summarizing the pathogenesis of AD, in order to provide reference and ideas for clinical rational drug use and the development of AD innovative drugs. Methods The related references in recent years both at home and abroad about the latest achievements of AD and the drug treatment were analyzed, collated and summarized. Results The causes of AD were complex, so there were many hypothesis of the pathogenesis about AD, now many of AD drugs are developed for single mechanism that can't consider of the different factors in Alzheimer' Disease and many of them have side effects, so this brings difficulties for clinical rational drug use. Conclusion The scholars have paid more attention to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), because its unique treatment to AD. But it usually focused on the single composition, the compound of TCM、the multi-component studies have little advancements, so we must do more researches in this respect, in order to provide references and research ideas for innovative drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Adverse Drug Reaction Induced by Qingkailing Injection in Clinical Application WANG Fen 2011, 8(8): 495-497.  Abstract ( 280 )   PDF (593KB) ( 237 )   Qingkailing injection is made of Chinese herbal compound, with the clinical applications is using more extensive, reports on adverse drug reaction(ADR) increase gradually. The common ADR include allergic reactions, respiratory, nervous, urinary reaction. This paper, provides a briefly introduction to ADR of Qingkailing, the objective is to be concerned on the drug safety by medical workers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 97 Adverse Drug Reaction/Event Cases Induced by Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections ZHANG Ying 2011, 8(8): 498-500.  Abstract ( 219 )   PDF (633KB) ( 297 )   Objective Analyzed serious adverse drug reaction/event(ADR/ADE) of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)injections from 97 ADR/ADE reports analysis to provide the references information in clinical application. Methods 97 ADR/ADE reports of TCM injections collected by Jiangyin People's Hospital from January 2007 to December 2009 were analyzed using retrospective study method. Results Higher ADR/ADE occurrence is observed in old people than other age groups in the study．The majority of reported ADR/ADE were skin and body as a whole-general disorders. Conclusion ADR/ADE caused by TCM injections can not be ignored, so ADR/ADE should be intensively monitored and treated timely in clinical treatment． References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 47 ADR Cases of Severe Hypotension Induced by Protamine JIANG La-mei, ZHAO-Yan 2011, 8(8): 501-503.  Abstract ( 213 )   PDF (647KB) ( 262 )   Objective To analyze the adverse reaction of severe hypotension and rise of tracheal pressure due to Protamine combined with heparin in heart surgery and clinical emergency treatment. Methods To analyze retrospectively 47 severe ADR cases of Protamine from 2009 to 2010 in Jinan. 38 patients were caused moderate or severe hypertension(blood pressure decreased by 30~≥50mmHg) after Protamine injection, 9 patients were caused slight hypertension(blood pressure decreased by 20~29mmHg). Results After emergency treatment and blood transfusion, 40 cases returned to normal blood pressure in 5min, 85.11% in 47 patients. While 7 patients had been improved in 10~30min through extracorporeal circulation rebuilt and manually controlled respiration besides of the medicine treatment. Conclusion Protamine may cause severe hypotension. In surgery, the preventive measures and active treatment is the key to lower the occurring rate of severe ADR. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 92 Cases of Adverse Drug Reacation/Event of Terazosin PENG Dan-bing, PENG Yuan 2011, 8(8): 504-505.  Abstract ( 203 )   PDF (601KB) ( 143 )   Objective To investigate the situation of adverse drug reaction/event(ADR/ADE) of Terazosin, and provide bases and references for rational use of Terazosin. Methods 92 ADR reports of Terazosin were collected and analyzed in a hospital from 2006 to 2010. Results In 92 reports, males were far more than females. Adult patients that older than 50 years were accounted for the majority(66.3%). The damage to the nervous system and cardiovascular system were the commonest type. Conclusion We should pay attention to the ADR/ADE of Terazosin, and strengthen the supervision of clinical application of Terazosin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 30 Adverse Reaction Cases of Shuxuening Injection YU Qian, LI Xin, JIN Feng 2011, 8(8): 506-508.  Abstract ( 226 )   PDF (654KB) ( 293 )   Objective Through analysing 30 ADR cases of the Shuxuening injection to explore the rules and causes of adverse reactions, provide a reference for clinical rational use of drugs. Methods By searching literature from 1995~ 2010 Chinese journal full-text database, 19 adverse reaction literatures of Shuxuening injection involving 30 cases, were Statistically analyzed. Results The adverse reactions caused by Shuxuening injection mainly focuse on skin lesions and systemic damage, with the characteristics of delayed reaction. The adverse reaction mechanism is connected with drug factors and pharmacological effects. Conclusion The adverse reactions of Shuxuening injection were related to age, not related to the dose, the late-occurred characteristics of Shuxuening injection should be concerned. More attention should be paid to the ADR of Shuxuening injection and rationally use it. References | Related Articles | Metrics