Archive

15 January 2020, Volume 17 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

---

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Analysis and Prospect of Domestic and Foreign Plague Antibacterial Treatment Plan CHEN Chong, GE Ziruo, WANG Lin, CHEN Zhihai 2020, 17(1): 1-5.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.01 Abstract ( 833 )   PDF (958KB) ( 470 )   Plague is a kind of natural epidemic infectious disease with rapid transmissions, acute onsets, strong infectivity and high fatality rates. There are many plague natural foci in the world, and various biotypes and ecotypes of Yersinia pestis strains as well.In recent years, plague has been reemerging, and there has been a rising trend in many places especially in Africa. China, the United States and other countries are reporting sporadic plague cases. At present, among the differences between domestic and foreign guidelines for the antibacterial treatment of plague, the dosage of streptomycin is the most controversial one. In order to guide medical staff to formulate individualized antibacterial treatment strategy when dealing with different plague foci, biotypes strains and clinical types, this paper compares and analyzes domestic and foreign guidelines and literatures about the antibacterial treatment of plague, and discusses the antibacterial strategies of plague, so as to provide references for future treatments and related researches. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Study on the Difference of Liver Metabolism Spectrum among Different Species, Sexes and Ages of Mice LI Haishan, JI Hainan, SONG Naining, LI Bin, SUI Feng, LI Yingfei, GUO Jiabin, JIA Qiang, LI Hua, GAO Yue, SHEN Guolin 2020, 17(1): 6-11.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.02 Abstract ( 524 )   PDF (1588KB) ( 272 )   Objective To study the differences of liver metabolism spectrum among different species, sexes and ages of mice, so as to provide the material basis for the study of toxicity difference of toxic drugs by using metabolomics and other related techniques. Methods Eight-week-old C57 male, C3H male, and C57 female mice as well as 2-week-old unweaned C57 male mice were used as subjects, to study the difference of liver metabolism spectrum among different species, sexes and ages of mice by using metabonomics-related techniques combined with molecular biology techniques. Results The Results showed that there were differences in the relevant metabolic pathways in the livers of mice of different species, sexes, and ages, which were mainly related to the metabolic pathways of amino acid synthesis and metabolism. Furthermore, there were differences in phase I and II metabolic enzyme activities and mRNA expression in the livers of mice of different species, sexes, and age. The higher the metabolic enzyme activity and mRNA expression, the larger the LD50 of AAI and the lower the toxicity of AAI. Conclusion This study revealed the differences of liver metabolism spectrum among different species, ages and genders of mice, it explained the reason of the toxicity difference of aristolochic acid I from the aspect of liver material basis of different species, age and sex mice, also provided data support for the reasonable evaluation of other toxic drugs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Comparison of Adverse Reactions after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with SOX and XELOX for Gastric Cancer ZHU Jiali, ZHOU Yongning, YUAN Wenzhen, XIE Xiaoming, GUAN Quanlin 2020, 17(1): 17-22.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.04 Abstract ( 906 )   PDF (1013KB) ( 306 )   Objective To compare the difference between SOX (oxaliplatin combined with sergio) and XELOX (oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine) in the incidence of adverse reactions after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Methods Changes in indicators and occurrence of adverse reactions after 3 cycles of SOX and XELOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy were recorded. Spss22.0 software was used to quantitatively and qualitatively compare the adverse reactions after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results A total of 97 patients with gastric cancer who met the criteria were included, including 68 cases in the SOX group and 29 cases in the XELOX group. In terms of bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy, erythrocytes decreased more significantly in the XELOX group than in the SOX group, and the difference was statistically significant (P =0.008). After chemotherapy, other indexes of the blood system decreased to a similar extent, and the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). After chemotherapy, the XELOX group was more vulnerable to leukopenia and neutropenia, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the degree and incidence of liver and kidney function damage after chemotherapy (P>0.05). There was also no significant difference in the occurrence of gastrointestinal or other adverse reactions (mucositis, hand-foot syndrome, etc.) after chemotherapy between the two regimens (P>0.05).Conclusion XELOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy is more likely to induce bone marrow suppression after chemotherapy, and the decline in red blood cells after chemotherapy is more significant than in the SOX group. In terms of safety, SOX protocol is preferable as a neoadjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer in clinic. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of Cefoperazone Sodium and Sulbactam Sodium on Coagulation Function of Cerebrovascular Disease Patients Using Aspirin and Clopidogrel LIANG He, MENG Guangyi, ZHONG Liqiu, ZHOU Lijuan, LIANG Chunhong, PANG Jiarong 2020, 17(1): 23-25.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.05 Abstract ( 1115 )   PDF (912KB) ( 416 )   Objective To investigate the effect of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium on coagulation function of cerebrovascular patients treated with aspirin and clopidogrel. Methods Sixty patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease and pneumonia treated in the Department of Neurology were selected as the subjects, who were divided into the control group (treated with piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium, n=30) and observation group (treated with cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium, n=30) based on different anti-infective regimens. The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT) and platelet count (PLT) were detected to evaluate the effect of cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium on coagulation function. Results The APTT and PT increased significantly (P <0.05) in the two groups after treatment, especially in the observation group. The APTT and PT in the observation group after treatment were longer than in the control group (P <0.01). There was no obvious change in TT or PLT after treatment (P >0.05). Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in TT or PLT between the two groups. Conclusion Cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium can affect the coagulation function of patients treated with aspirin and clopidogrel, especially the change of APTT and PT. So doctors have to be alert to the risk of bleeding in combined medication. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Brief Analysis of 2018 Annual Report of EudraVigilance DONG Duo, LIU Wei, FAN Yan, PENG Lili, WANG Tao, WANG Dan 2020, 17(1): 26-30.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.06 Abstract ( 1203 )   PDF (957KB) ( 764 )   Objective To analyze the 2018 Annual Report on EudraVigilance so as to provide reference for improving ADR monitoring in China. Methods By literature review, the progress and advantages of the EU pharmacovigilance system in 2018 were analyzed before recommendations were made for ADR monitoring in China. Results EudraVigilance is the central pillar of safety surveillance of European medicines. It has delivered enhanced functionalities that can ensure better support to pharmacovigilance activities and the protection of public health. Conclusion Based on the experience of the EU, it is suggested that we continue to optimize the adverse drug reaction database, explore and research the transparency of surveillance data, and enrich the contents of the annual report in China. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Evaluation of Clinical Application of Oral Oseltamivir Based on Real-world during the Height of Influenza Outbreak WANG Lu, CHEN Tao, ZHANG Chengliang, YIN Xianguo, ZHAO Li, LIU Dong 2020, 17(1): 31-36.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.07 Abstract ( 1009 )   PDF (1070KB) ( 306 )   Objective To observe the clinical application and safety of oral oseltamivir in hospitalized patients in the real-world during the height of an influenza outbreak, and to make recommendations for clinical application. Methods During this multi-center and retrospective research, all the information was collected from patients from six hospitals in Hubei Province who had taken oseltamivir between January 1, 2017 and April 30, 2017. The data on these patients was analyzed with specific focus on demographic characteristics, medical information and adverse reactions (ADRs). Results A total of 1 327 cases were collected, about 32.71% of whom were children under 3. Oral oseltamivir was prescribed mainly by departments of pediatrics, respiratory diseases and infections. The mean time of medication was 3.97 days. Only 9 cases recorded ADRs(0.68%). Conclusion Oral oseltamivir is widely used in clinical practice, and it is relatively safe. However, its clinical application needs to be standardized in order to reduce or prevent ADRs and ensure the safety of drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of Current Abuse among Drug Abusers in China SUN Jun, YU Dandan, LI Ming, WU Chen, LIU Pengcheng, WANG Jiayu 2020, 17(1): 37-44.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.08 Abstract ( 1436 )   PDF (1256KB) ( 1313 )   Objective To seek the basic information and behavioral characteristics of drug abusers in order to provide data for the follow-up study on the characteristics of abusers/users of compound tramadol. Methods A descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the basis of a self-designed questionnaire that sampled such factors as social demographic characteristics, the living environment and abuse behaviors of drug abusers in compulsory isolated treatment centers. Results Most of the drug abusers were male, poorly-educated and unemployed. Heroin and methamphetamine were the main drugs of abuse. Curiosity, seduction by peers and euphoria-seeking were largely responsible for abuse. Conclusion Firstly, we should pay attention to the characteristics of drug abusers, establish mechanisms of preventive education at grassroots levels, and intensify publicity on rational use of drugs. Secondly, we should focus on main drugs of abuse such as methamphetamine and heroin. Thirdly, we should make Methods of detoxification more accessible, such as opening methadone clinics, in an effort to help drug abusers to get detoxified properly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Drug Shortage Warning in Liaoning Province from January to June 2018 ZHOU He, ZHAO Chunyang, CHEN Weiyuan, CAI Jiayi, JIANG Mingyan 2020, 17(1): 44-50.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.08 Abstract ( 533 )   PDF (1636KB) ( 292 )   Objective To analyze the factors related to the shortages of drugs in Liaoning Province in order to implement effective early warning of drug shortages. Methods The factors that led to the shortages of drugs were discussed in depth and a model for drug shortage early warning in Liaoning Province was established through the description and analysis of the possible causes of shortages of drugs in Liaoning Province between January and June 2018. Results Drug shortages were closely related to the drug supply chain, drugs themselves, and policies and regulations. Conclusion A model for prediction of drug shortages can effectively predict the possible shortages of drugs so as to prevent these shortages as early as possible. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Analysis of 177 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Buflomedil CHENG Xiaoping, GUAN Kang 2020, 17(1): 51-55.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.11 Abstract ( 855 )   PDF (1022KB) ( 226 )   Objective To analyze the characteristics of buflomedil adverse reactions (ADRs) and promote the clinical rational use of drugs. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze 177 ADR reports collected in the 2008-2018 database of the adverse drug reaction monitoring system of Qinghai province. Results ADRs mostly occurred within 30 minutes, manifested as skin and accessory damage (51.04%), damage to the digestive system (15.77%), damage to the nervous system(10.37%), and damage to the circulatory system (8.71%). Conclusion The indications of the drug should be strictly controlled, and the process of drug administration should be closely observed to reduce the occurrence of ADRs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Review of Methodological Study on Prevention of Adverse Drug Reactions ZHANG Nan, GUO Xiaoxin, JIA Haizhong 2020, 17(1): 56-62.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.01.08 Abstract ( 897 )   PDF (993KB) ( 667 )   There are an increasing number of researches on ADRs(adverse drug reactions). The current research focuses on the incidence, type, and severity of ADRs so how to prevent ADRs is little studied. Preventing and reducing adverse drug reactions has always been the bottleneck of modern medicine. The overall and dialectical thinking of TCM has provided an important methodological guide to the prevention of ADRs. The authors of this article have discovered that ADRs can really be reduced after reviewing the literature related to studies on ADRs using the dialectical thinking in recent years. The findings achieved so far have filled a gap of modern medicine, but the Conclusions are not comprehensive and rigorous enough due to the lack of an objective, comprehensive and rigorous research system for ADRs. This paper discusses the findings of current research and existing problems. References | Related Articles | Metrics