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08 February 2010, Volume 7 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Experimental Study on Rats' Acute Toxicity of Herba leonuri and its Processed Products HUANG Wei, SUN Rong, ZHANG Zuo-ping 2010, 7(2): 65-69.  Abstract ( 202 )   PDF (452KB) ( 387 )   Objective To approach the principle of the processing method and optimize the best processed products of herba leonuri, by comparing the acute toxicity of fresh herba leonuri、dry herba leonuri and wine herba leonuri. Methods Respectively prepare the 95% alcohol extracts of fresh herba leonuri、dry herba leonuri and wine herba leonuri, and make acute toxicity study according to classic acute toxicity Methods. The bliss method is used to calculate experimental datas' LD50. Results The different processed products' acute toxicity of herba leonuri from the biggest to the smallest is fresh herba leonuri、dry herba leonuri、wine herba leonuri. The fresh herba leonuri and dry herba leonuri extracts' LD50 is respectively 83.089g·kg-1 and 102.93 g·kg-1, which is respectively equal to 145.4 times and 2 40.2 times of every people's daily dried medicinal herb expenses; 95% confidence interval is respectively 71.302~97.055g·kg-1 and 91.862~115.140g·kg-1, which is respectively equal to 124.8~169.9 times and 214.4~268.7 times of every people's daily dried medicinal herb expenses. The wine herba leonuri extracts' MTD is 98.0g·kg-1, which is respectively equal to 228.7 times of every people's daily dried medicinal herb expenses. Conclusion The toxicity of herba leonuri could be decreased after processing, and the attenuation of different processed Methods is different. By the comparative study, it is beneficial to implement the normalization and standardization of cut crude drugs, and provide the safety standard and control basis for clinical medication. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Different Components on Acute Toxicity of Rhizoma Menispermi in mice YANG Qian, LUO Dong, ZHAO Yan, SUN Rong 2010, 7(2): 70-72.  Abstract ( 144 )   PDF (470KB) ( 189 )   To study the acute toxicity of different components of Rhizoma Menispermi, the acute toxic study on all-components,water extract and alcohol extract of Rhizoma Menispermi to mice were developed in this paper. Ig all-components,water extract and alcohol extract of Rhizoma Menispermi to mice and the MLD, MTD, LD50 were tested differently by the classic Methods of acute toxicity. The Results showed that the MLD of all-components is 15.96g·kg-1;the MTD of water extract is 92.12g·kg-1 and the LD50 of alcohol extract is75.116 g·kg-1. We can draw a Conclusion from the Results that the size order of acute toxicity of different components in Rhizoma Menispermi is alcohol extra ct>water extract. The all-components is atoxic on the whole. It can provide experimental basis for clinical safe medication. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study on Acute Toxicity of Different Components of Fructus Bruceae in Mice SUN Rong, YANG Qian, ZHANG Zuo-ping, LV Li-li 2010, 7(2): 73-77.  Abstract ( 195 )   PDF (656KB) ( 283 )   Objective Compare the acute toxicity of different components of Fructus Bruceae. Methods Ig all-compo-nents,water extract and alcohol extract of Fructus Brucea to mice and test the LD50 of oral dose in mice by the classic Methods of acute toxicity. The acute toxic symptoms were observed; the accumulated death number and the weight-changes of live mice were recorded. Results The LD50 of all-components ,water extract and alcohol extract of Fructus Brucea to mice are 3.14g·kg-1,4.023g·kg-1,3.320g·kg-1.They are respectively equal to 110 ,140.8,116 times of the daily dosage in clinical. Diarrhea and cyanosis are main acute toxic symptoms. Conclusion The size order of acute toxicity of different components in Fructus Brucea is all-components>alcohol extract>water extract. The toxical components and toxical mechanism should be researched furtherly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Overview of Adverse Drug Reaction Signal Detection Methods JIANG Jing, HOU Yong-fang, LIU Xiu-juan, REN Jing-tian, JIN Shao-hong 2010, 7(2): 78-80.  Abstract ( 394 )   PDF (344KB) ( 1262 )   Adverse Drug Reaction(ADR) monitoring work is an important component of drug supervision and admin-istration system. Analysis and evaluation of ADR signal is the most important technical work in ADR monitoring. In this paper, we analyzed the ADR signal evaluation method on developed countries by researching domestic and foreign literature and addressed some useful suggestion on ADR signal detection work in our country. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Use of WHOART and MedDRA in Adverse Reaction Monitoring WU Gui-zhi, TIAN Chun-hua, WANG Dan, FENG Hong-yun, CHEN Yi-xin 2010, 7(2): 81-85.  Abstract ( 1403 )   PDF (492KB) ( 795 )   World Health Organization Adverse Reaction Terminology(WHOART) and Medical Dictionary for Regu-latory Activities(MedDRA) developed by International Conference on Harmonisation are most often used terminology to classify and code adverse reaction terms in post-marketing safety surveillance and drug adverse reaction monitoring. This article introduced term definitions, rules and conventions, hierarchy structure, characteristics, the applications in coding and data analysis of WHOART and MedDRA. On the basis of analyzing the strongpoint and shortcoming of WHOART and MedDRA terminology now in use, the current status of WHOART and potential use of MedDRA in China are discussed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Human Resources and Basic Drug Uses of Community Health Service Center in Cities and Rural Hospitals in Liaoning Province MA Hui, CHENG Gang, WANG Yu-xin, XIAO Ai-li, WANG Jia-yi, GENG Feng-ying, YANG Yue-ming, JIN Dan, YANG Hua, DU Xiao-xi 2010, 7(2): 86-91.  Abstract ( 228 )   PDF (600KB) ( 213 )   Objective The report examines and compares the current situations of the two different doctor structures in the two categories of medical and health institutions. Methods The research is performed based on the multistage sampling survey of five different community health service centers of five cities and five rural hospitals in Liaoning province. The research is concerned about the general situation of health workers and all the doctors' overall quality and quantity, structure and their use of drugs, using spss13.0 statistical analysis. Results The average numbers of health personnel of community health service centers of cities and rural hospitals in Liaoning province are 51.8 and 23 respectively, which are higher than the national average. The average numbers of doctors are 17.4 and 13 re-spectively, which are well above the national average level. But the structure of medical staff, nursing and pharmacy technicians is imbalanced. There is a great difference of medical staff who received college and technical school education between rural hospitals and community health services. It is a common phenomenon for basic medical and health in-stitutions to stress medical treatments and ignore preventions. The number of public health workers is low. There are less traditional Chinese medicine doctors. Doctors from basic medical and health institutions lack knowledge of adverse drug reaction and there exists irrational drug use. Conclusion The community health service centers and rural health institutions in Liaoning province have plenty of human resources, but the structure of health personnel should be adjusted and the allocation of human resources should be improved. In addition, knowledge of adverse drug reaction should be strengthened and rational drug use training should be performed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and Application of Prescription Supervisory System for Outpatient Doctors Workstaion XIANG Xiu-ying, BAI Bo, HU Guang-hui, ZHAO Zhi-gang, WangTao, WANG Li-wen, CUI Xiang-li 2010, 7(2): 91-94.  Abstract ( 218 )   PDF (571KB) ( 210 )   Objective To prompt rational medication and reduce adverse drug reactions in our hospital, we developed a rational medication supervisor and suggestive system for outpatient doctors workstation. Methods We collected drug-use informations such as special people, attentions, serious adverse drug reactions, contraindications from medicine reference books from the latest drug leaflet,《new compiled pharmacology》 and《Clinic medication notice》, and then developed prescription supervising and prompting programmes which was embedded in outpatient doctor workstation. This system can help and monitor drug-application prescribed by doctors in outpatients department. Results We compared the 931 prescriptions after running of the supervisor system with the 953 prescriptions before using this system, after using this supervisory system for half of a year, the irrational records occuration rate decreased by 6.63%,and the irra-tional prescriptions occuration rate decreased by 7.47%. Conclusion The prescription suggestive and supervisory system is effective for promoting rational medication in clinic, and this system is need to modulated to consummate. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Perfection of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System in China GUO Ying, WANG Sheng-xing 2010, 7(2): 95-97.  Abstract ( 185 )   PDF (512KB) ( 233 )   Objective It discusses mainly how to perfect our ADR monitor system. Methods It applies mainly the literature method and uses the foreign successful experience. Results and Conclusion By perfecting the relative law and regulation, ADR report system, ADR monitor system, the ADR of tradional Chinese medicine monitoring system, all of these Methods will help to perfect our ADR monitor system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Establishment of Averse Drug Reactions Relief System in China LONG Xiang, ZHOU Zhi-hong, FENG Mo, WU Xiao-hong, PENG Liu-bao 2010, 7(2): 97-99.  Abstract ( 158 )   PDF (482KB) ( 229 )   Objective To construct adverse drug reaction(ADR) system in China. Methods The attribution of ADR discrimination, the scope and form of relief, fund management, and other aspects of the legal basis was probed to build our country's ADR relief system. Results &Conclusion drug-induced harm is inevitable, causing damage to the victim should be given to appropriate relief, according to our national conditions, to build ADR relief system is feasible in china. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Adverse Drug Reaction Damage Relief Risk Sharing Mechanism in China WANG Hua, YANG Yue 2010, 7(2): 100-102.  Abstract ( 175 )   PDF (553KB) ( 175 )   Objective To explore the ways to consummate the adverse drug reaction（ADR） damage relief risk sharing mechanism in our country. Methods Using literature and comparative method, we analyzed the present situation of the current legal regulations on ADR damage relief and put forward some suggestions on the improvement of the existing ADR damage relief risk sharing mechanism by referring to ADR damage relief system of Taiwan and foreign countries. Results & Conclusion Our existing tort liability has problem in product flaw limits and we should con-summate through this aspect. We should also share ADR damage risks through ADR liability insurance and ADR damage relief foundation from the ADR special relief aspect. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Problems of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring in Primary Hospital HE Jin, ZHAO Shou-ning, YUAN Jun 2010, 7(2): 103-104.  Abstract ( 205 )   PDF (538KB) ( 199 )   Objective To analyze the problems and solutions existed in adverse drug reaction(ADR) monitoring, provide the reference for primary hospitals in China. Many problems exist in ADR monitoring, such as concealing,missing, untruth or incomplete, etc. In order to improve the quantity and quality of ADR reports, it is necessary to Strengthen propaganda, education of ADR monitoring knowledge, and establish a effective management system in primary hospitals. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of the Incompatibility of Traditional Chinese Medicine Injection in Clinical TIAN Yue-jie, LI Pan-hai, LI Cai-li 2010, 7(2): 105-108.  Abstract ( 199 )   PDF (617KB) ( 943 )   By reviewing the incompatibility of traditional Chinese medicine injection in clinical and analyzing the mechanism to provide guidance for rational medication and reference for the scientific evaluation of the safety of traditional chinese medicine injection. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of Pretreatments for Determination of Arsenic in Traditional Chinese Medicine WANG Xiu-hua, LI Zong 2010, 7(2): 109-111.  Abstract ( 154 )   PDF (552KB) ( 593 )   By summarizing the pretreatments for determination of arsenic in traditional Chinese medicine to discuss the problem which in Chinese Pharmacopoeia related rules. It was suggested to modify the pretreatments for determination of arsenic in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The importance is stressed also to standardize the pretreatments for quality control of arsenic in traditional Chinese medicine. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Cases of Aged People's Serious Adverse Drug Reaction in 2006 in China JIN Dan, YANG Le, YANG Yue-ming, WANG Yu-xin, WEI Jing, WANG Jia-yi, DU Xiao-xi 2010, 7(2): 112-115.  Abstract ( 195 )   PDF (654KB) ( 212 )   Objective By analyzing the serious adverse drug reaction(ADR) reports of aged people's, to provide refer-ences for administration and ensure safety use of drug. Methods 1 844 cases collected by National Center for ADR Monitoring in 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The Results show that the main type of serious ADR is systemic damage, most cases induced by antiinfective drugs. Intravenous injection is the main way for administration. Conclusion Pay more attention to aged people's serious ADR monitoring to promote rational use of drug. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 128 Adverse Drug Reactions Reports of Qingkailing Injection WANG Jian-hua, CHENG Li-jun, SHENG Hong-tao, ZHU Qing-e 2010, 7(2): 116-118.  Abstract ( 199 )   PDF (648KB) ( 291 )   Objective By analyzing the relevant factor and regularity of adverse drug reaction(ADR) of Qingkailing injection in Zibo,to provide reference for rational use of drug. Methods 128 ADR reports of Qingkailing injection collected by Zibo center for ADR Monitoring from January 2007 to 2008 were analyzed using retrospective study method. Results Among the 128 reports of Qingkailing injection, most of the adverse reactions were happened in 30 minutes. Skin and appendages disorders appeared most frequently,and Body as a whole-general disorders came secondly. Most of the ADR are slightly injury.Conclusion clinicians should pay attention to rational use of Qingkailing injection to avoid occurrence of ADR. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 1 672 Cases of Adverse Drug Reaction of Nervous System PENG Dan-bing, ZHAO Yan, CHENG Rong, ZHA Yong, LING Wei 2010, 7(2): 119-121.  Abstract ( 169 )   PDF (639KB) ( 144 )   Objective To investigate the situation of adverse drug reaction(ADR) of nervous system(NS), offer references for rational application in clinical ptactice. Methods 1 672 reports collected by Guizhou Center for ADR monitoring from Janury,1st 2006 to December, 31th 2008 were analyzed using retrospective study method. Results The reports of ADR of NS accounted for 10.45% in all reports. The ratio of male to famal was 1 1.04. 19~59 years old account for 73.10%. The NS lesion included sympathetic and parasympathetic system(1 206 cases), central and periphersl nervous system .The clinical manifestations of the former mainly were palpitation, vomiting and diarrhea, the latte's mainly were dizziness, headache and local numbness. These ADR cases were induced by 22 kinds of drugs and most of them caused by cephalosporins. Intravenous injection is the main way for administration. Conclusion We should pay attention to drug-induced damage to the NS, timely detect, diagnose, treatment and prevent ADR of NS. References | Related Articles | Metrics