三叉神经痛发病机制与药物研究进展

doi:10.19803/j.1672-8629.20241020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的对三叉神经痛(Trigeminal Neuralgia,TN)的发病机制及治疗药物现状进行系统整理与总结,为深入研究TN提供参考。方法检索建库至2024年12月29日,中国知网、国家科技图书管理中心、PubMed等TN相关文献,并进行归纳和分析。结果 TN的发病可能与微血管压迫三叉神经、离子通道失调、周围神经损伤导致神经脱髓鞘,以及I型单纯疱疹病毒（Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1,HSV-1）感染再激活有关。TN一线治疗药物以西药卡马西平和奥卡西平为主,中药在其治疗方面也表现出较好的疗效和独特优势。结论概述TN的发病机理及药物研究现状,为其临床治疗和药物研发提供参考。

关键词: 三叉神经痛, 发病机制, 三叉神经根压迫, 卡马西平, 奥卡西平, 中药, 脱髓鞘

Abstract: Objective To summarize the findings of current research related to the pathogenesis of and drugs for trigeminal neuralgia (TN) so as to provide references for in-depth studies on TN. Methods Related literature published between the inception of the databases and December 29, 2024 was retrieved from such databases as CNKI, the National Science and Technology Library and PubMed before being analyzed. Results TN was likely associated with microvascular compression of the trigeminal nerve, dysfunction of ion channels, peripheral nerve injury leading to demyelination, and reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. The first-line drugs for TN included carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine. Additionally, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also demonstrated promising efficacy and unique advantages in the treatment of TN. Conclusion Research findings about the pathogenesis and medications of TN have been summarized so as to provide references for the clinical treatment and research and development of related drugs.

Key words: Trigeminal Neuralgia, Pathogenesis, Compression of Trigeminal Nerve Roots, Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Demyelination

中图分类号:

李舒冉, 谢锐, 赵荣华, 包蕾, 耿子涵, 孙绮悦, 崔晓兰, 郭姗姗, 孙静. 三叉神经痛发病机制与药物研究进展[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2025, 22(5): 596-600.

LI Shuran, XIE Rui, ZHAO Ronghua, BAO Lei, GENG Zihan, SUN Qiyue, CUI Xiaolan, GUO Shanshan, SUN Jing. Research Progress in the Pathogenesis and Medications of Trigeminal Neuralgia[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2025, 22(5): 596-600.

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https://zgywjj.magtechjournal.com/CN/Y2025/V22/I5/596

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