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20 September 2019, Volume 16 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effect of Leonurine on Hippocampal Neurons in the Early Stage of Diabetic Rat Model WANG Qi, CHI Xin, XUE Xin, LIANG Longkun, QIN Wei, ZHAO Yan, TIAN Jinghui, CHEN Qiang 2019, 16(9): 513-522.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.01 Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (7947KB) ( 115 )   Objective To study the effect of Leonurine(SCM-198) on hippocampus neurons and expression of glutamate transporter in early stage of STZ induced type 2 diabetic rat model. Methods The type 2 diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin after five-week high fat diet. The rats were randomly divided into control group, DM model group and the SCM-198 intervention group. The neurobehavioral index of rats was assessed in all groups. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC) , triglyceride (TG) , high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting insulin (FINS) were tested. The histopathological changes of hippocampus neurons were examined by HE staining. The alteration of related transporter protein expression in hippocampus was determined by Western blotting. Results Compared with DM model group, rats in the SCM-198+DM group took a shorter time to reach the platform for the first time (P <0.01), stayed longer in the target quadrant(P <0.05) and platform, and traversed the platform more frequently. The levels of FBG and LDL-C in the SCM-198 intervention group were significantly decreased (P <0.05 and P <0.01 separately). And the levels of TC and TG were also increased (P > 0.05). The weight of animals in SCM-198 intervention group increased significantly (P < 0.05), and the weight of the brains did not differ much, so the brain index decreased (P < 0.05). The result of HE staining showed that there were obvious signs of recovery in the hippocampus CA1 area in the SCM 198 intervention group, which was characterized by increasing density of neurons and pyramidal cells with clear level. According to the result of Western blot, the expression level of GLP1 protein was increased in SCM-198 intervention group, while the vGLUT1 protein was decreased, both with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). And the RT-PCR showed the same result with the WB method. Conclusion In the early stages of diabetes development, the hippocampus neuron in brain tissue was injured, which led to changes in the expression of glutamate transporter. The intervention of Leonurine had the potential on reduction of nerve damage in hippocampal neurons via adjusting the expression of glutamate transporter. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Anti-rejection Effect of Triptolide on Experimental Skin Transplantation in Mice XING Yuqi, ZHANG Yuqiu, ZHANG Guobin 2019, 16(9): 523-527.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.02 Abstract ( 401 )   PDF (4398KB) ( 103 )   Objective To investigate the anti-rejection effect of triptolide (TPT) on xenogenic skin transplantation in mice. Methods The tergal skin transplantation model was achieved by an operation (BALB/c mice as donors and C57 BL/6 mice as acceptors). Then acceptors were divided randomly into 5 groups, namely model, TPT ( 200 μg·kg-1) , ciclosporin A (CsA) ( 10 mg·kg-1) , combination of TPT and CsA (TPT 200 μg·kg-1 and CsA 5 mg·kg-1) and sham. All acceptor mice were administered intraperitoneally once a day for ten days. The survival days of skin graft were documented in all groups. The levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ in plasma were detected by ELISA ten days after the operation. The quantity of CD4+ CD25+ T cells in spleen were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The survival days of skin graft in groups administered with drugs were all significantly prolonged compared with that of model group (P < 0.01) . Combination of TPT and CsA group showed a longer survival days than TPT or CsA group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) . Compared with those of model group, Th1 cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-γ)in plasma in groups treated with TPT or combination of TPT and CsA were significantly decreased. (P < 0.01)while Th2 cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) were significantly increased (P < 0.01) . The amount of CD4+ CD25+ T cells in spleen in groups administered with TPT or combination of TPT and CsA were all significantly increased compared with that of model group (P <0.01) . Conclusion TPT has an immunosuppressive effect on mice with xenogenic skin transplantation. The effectiveness of TPT appears to be associated with balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines, induction of immune tolerance and stimulation of expression of CD4+ CD25+ T cells, etc. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Status Quo of the Regulation of Compound Tramadol SUN Zhenhui, SUN Jun, WANG Jiayu, YU Dandan, WANG Ling, YU Zheng 2019, 16(9): 528-535.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.03 Abstract ( 534 )   PDF (7153KB) ( 134 )   Objective To summarize supervision experiences in various countries with an eye to providing ideas for China on basis of introducing current status of compound tramadol abuse worldwide. Methods To Summarize and compare the abuse status, supervision situations and measures, etc. in various countries through literature review. Results In comparison with foreign experiences, China was confronted with the following problems: differentiation of control level for tramadol and its compound preparations, lack of comprehensive surveillance on prescription, inadequate description of addiction in the package insert, limited knowledge of drug abuse of healthcare professionals. Conclusion China should make efforts to uniform control level for all tramadol containing preparations, set up medication tracking system, revise the package insert to emphasis the risk of addiction and strengthen awareness and training on risks of drug abuse. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Survey on Gender Differences among Abusers/Users of Compound Tramadol SUN Zhenhui, WANG Jiayu, YU Dandan, WANG Ling, YU Zheng 2019, 16(9): 536-542.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.04 Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (5234KB) ( 110 )   Objective To investigate the abuse/use situation of compound tramadol on gender basis in order to provide references for prevention and personalized intervention against abuse of compound tramadol. Methods On basis of a sample survey on abusers/users of compound tramadol in nationwide compulsory isolated treatment centers, the chi-square test was employed to study gender differences among the abusers/users. Results The proportion of family structure loss among male abusers/users of compound tramadol was lower than that of females. The females were more likely to be influenced by“drug circle”than the males with less risk propensity. Conclusion Gender differences existed among abusers/users of compound tramadol in terms of demographic characteristics, living environment and abuse/use behaviors. As a result, prevention strategy and personalized intervention should be conducted on basis of gender differences. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Factors Influencing Abuse/Use Behavior of Compound Tramadol YU Dandan, SUN Jun, WANG Jiayu, WU Chen, LIU Pengcheng 2019, 16(9): 543-549.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.05 Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (5149KB) ( 121 )   Objective To analyze the influencing factors of the abuse/use of compound tramadol, with a view to providing evidence for prevention drug abuse. Methods A suvey was conducted among drug abusers from 110 compulsory isolated treatment centers and abusers/users of compound tramadol from 58 compulsory isolated treatment centers . Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of the abuse/use behavior of compound tramadol. Results Factors including central region, female, older age at first use, easy access, detoxification and consideration of substitution might increase the likelihood of abuse/use of compound tramadol. Conclusion We should emphasize the abuse/use characteristics of compound tramadol and strengthen the monitoring. Meanwhile, educate high-risk groups on rational use of compound tramadol. Establish the medication tracking system and improve the medication monitoring system. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Clinical Pharmacists Intervention on the Use of Psychotropic Drugs of Category Ⅱin a Psychiatric Hospital GUO Fei, LI Tao, SUN Ruijie, NIU Huifang, HUANG Yunhui, CHEN Yongxin, WANG Jinbao, ZHANG Ruiling 2019, 16(9): 550-554.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.06 Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (4460KB) ( 130 )   Objective To explore the effects of pharmacists intervention on the incidence of irrational use of psychotropic drugs of categoryⅡfor hospitalized patients in a psychiatric hospital, so as to provide reference for further strengthening the management of categoryⅡ psychotropic drugs. Methods Prescription automatic screening system （PASS） and HIS system were used to analyze the 447 694 orders of psychotropic drugs of categoryⅡfrom August 2016 to July 2017 before pharmacists intervention and 447 853 orders after intervention from August 2017 to July 2018 in a psychiatric hospital. Results After intervention by clinical pharmacists,the number of prescribing errors of psychotropic drugs of categoryⅡwas decreased from 2 023 to 1 363, and the duplicated errors decreased from 1 003 to 711. Moreover, prescribing errors include potential adverse drug reaction,incorrect dosage, drug interaction and duplicate prescription were significantly decreased （P < 0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of irrational use of psychotropic drugs of categoryⅡ in a psychiatric hospital was reduced under the intervention by clinical pharmacists. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Pediatric Use Information in Package Inserts of Antineoplastic Drugs ZHAO Shuang, SONG Yanqing, WANG Xiangfeng, JINFang, MIAO Qiuli 2019, 16(9): 555-560.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.07 Abstract ( 371 )   PDF (5129KB) ( 196 )   Objective To investigate the pediatric use information in the package inserts of antineoplastic drugs, so as to provide reference for rational use and standardized management. Methods 141 package inserts of antineoplastic drugs were collected, the dosage and directions for pediatric in the package inserts were organized and analyzed by Excel. Results Among the 141 package inserts, 19（13.47%） were labeled with pediatric dosage, and 47 （33.33%） were labeled with directions for pediatric use. Conclusion In the package inserts of antineoplastic drugs, the information of dosage and directions for pediatric need to be further improved. It is suggested that manufacturers should strengthen the research and track safety issues in pediatric and update the information in the package inserts timely . References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Pharmaceutical Care for an Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient with Agranulocytosis with Fever WANG Ying, YIN Peng, GUAN Liying, ZHU Kun 2019, 16(9): 561-565.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.08 Abstract ( 361 )   PDF (4582KB) ( 127 )   Objective To analyze the role of clinical pharmacists in pharmaceutical care of acute myeloid leukemia patients with agranulocytosis with fever. Methods One case of acute myeloid leukemia with agranulocytosis with fever after chemotherapy was discussed about its infection treatment regimen. Suggestions were made according to the symptoms and the rapeutic effects. Results The involvement of pharmacists in pharmaceutical care improved therapeutic effect and ensured medication safety. Conclusion Clinical pharmacistis, working collabortively with physicians in pharmaceutical care for special patients can maximize the treatment benefits for patients, and ensure the effectiveness and safety of drug therapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Numbness of Extremities Induced by Cyclosporine Soft Capsules WU Qingyun, PAN Yuhua, LIANG Huaban, YE Zhiming, LAO Haiyan 2019, 16(9): 566-567.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.09 Abstract ( 421 )   PDF (1913KB) ( 257 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Severe Drug Eruption Induced by Piperacillin Sodium and Tazobactam for Injection in Children ZHU Kouzhu, CHEN Yanhua, HONG Yuan 2019, 16(9): 568-569.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.10 Abstract ( 383 )   PDF (1903KB) ( 172 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Bronchial Spasm Induced by Ademetionine 1,4-butanedisulfonate for Injection HONG Yanyan, HONG Zhenxian, CHEN Zhimin 2019, 16(9): 570-571.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.11 Abstract ( 382 )   PDF (1881KB) ( 92 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Urinary Crystal Induced by Ceftriaxone Sodium for Injection in Infant DING Yan, SONG Hedi, CUI Aiying 2019, 16(9): 572-573.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.12 Abstract ( 443 )   PDF (1898KB) ( 176 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics

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One Case of Acute Renal Failure Induced by Vancomycin Combined with Piperacillin and Tazobactam JI Hongyan, LIANG Yu, ZHAO Jun, ZHANG Chuanzhou, YANG Xue, LI Xiangpeng, XIA Chen, WANG Guoping 2019, 16(9): 574-576.  DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2019.09.13 Abstract ( 426 )   PDF (2446KB) ( 169 )   References | Related Articles | Metrics