Research Progress in Mechanisms of Rhubarb Anthraquinone Based on Hepatic Lipid Regulation and Hepatotoxicity

doi:10.19803/j.1672-8629.20240693

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To review the efficacy and toxicity material basis of rhubarb, especially the regulation of liver lipids by rhubarb anthraquinones, and the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity in order to facilitate the treatment of liver lipid metabolism disorders. Methods Literature published over the past 10 years (as of September 5, 2024) was retrieved from such databases as CNKI, PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley and Google scholar. Studies related to the regulation of liver lipids and hepatotoxicity induced by rhubarb anthraquinones were analyzed, and the mechanisms of action were summarized. Results The main anthraquinone compounds in rhubarb that regulated liver lipids included emodin, chrysophanol, aloe-emodin, and physcion. The mechanisms of action involved reducing the expressions of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins such as type I collagen and a-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) inhibiting liver fibrosis, reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitigating hepatic oxidative stress. Additionally, these anthraquinone compounds could reduce the expressions of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-1α (IL-1α)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) while alleviating liver inflammation. Meanwhile, the hepatotoxicity of anthraquinones was primarily linked to changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, disruption of oxidative phosphorylation, increased intracellular ROS, induction of oxidative stress, and abnormalities in bilirubin metabolism. Conclusion Rhubarb anthraquinones can regulate liver lipid metabolism and induce hepatotoxicity via multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway actions. More research is needed to determine the range of safe dosage, minimize risks, and optimize clinical applications for the treatment of liver lipid metabolism disorders.

Key words: Emodin, Rhein, Aloe Emodin, Chrysophanol, Emodin Methyl Ether, Liver Lipid Regulation, Liver Toxicity, Mechanism of Action

CLC Number:

R994.11
R977

LIU Ying, SONG Xuyu, SUN Rong. Research Progress in Mechanisms of Rhubarb Anthraquinone Based on Hepatic Lipid Regulation and Hepatotoxicity[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2024, 21(12): 1432-1440.

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