Abstract: Objective To compare the content of toxical substances and the acute toxicity on water extracts of Rhizoma Pinelliae, which come from different producing areas, and discuss the influences on the content of toxical substances and acute toxicity of different producing areas' Rhizoma Pinelliae. Methods UV method, HPLC method, acid-base titration and the classical method of acute toxicity were used to determine the content of toxical substances and compare the acute toxicity of different producing areas'Rhizoma Pinelliae is: Hubei Rhizoma Pinelliae> Shandong Rhizoma Pinelliae acid is: Shandong Rhizoma Pinelliaealkaloid is: Hubei ephedrine is: Hubei of vernine is: Hubei of acute toxicity is: Hubei Rhizoma Pinelliae> Hubei Rhizoma Pinelliae> Shandong Rhizoma Pinelliae> Guizhou Rhizoma Pinelliae> Shandong Rhizoma Pinelliae> Shandong Rhizoma Pinelliae. Results The content of total organic Rhizoma Pinelliae> Guizhou Rhizoma Pinelliae, the content of amber Rhizoma Pinelliae> Guizhou Rhizoma Pinelliae, the content of total Rhizoma Pinelliae> Guizhou Rhizoma Pinelliae, the content of Rhizoma Pinelliae> Shandong Rhizoma Pinelliae, and the content Rhizoma Pinelliae> Guizhou Rhizoma Pinelliae; The comparation Rhizoma Pinelliae> Guizhou Rhizoma Pinelliae. Conclusion The producing area has certain influence on the content of toxical substances and acute toxicity of Rhizoma Pinelliae, and the toxicity of Rhizoma Pinelliae has some relevance with the content of total organic acid and total alkaloid.

Key words: producing area, , toxical substances, acute toxicity