Abstract: Objective Mice's acute toxicity of different components of Rhizoma Pinelliae was compared, to make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity of Rhizoma Pinelliae in order to providea basis for safe and reasonable medication in clinic. Methods Preparing the all components,water extraction components and alcohol extraction components,then ig. all-components,water extract and alcohol extract of Rhizoma Pinelliae to mice and the MLD, MLD, MTD were tested respectively by the classic Methods of acute toxicity. Results The MLD of all-components is 34.8g/kg;the MLD of water extract is 300.0g/kg and the MTD of alcohol extract is 99.2g/kg,which is respectively equal to 270.7 times,2 333.3 times and 771.6 times of 70kg people's daily dried medicinal herb expenses. Conclusion Rhizoma Pinelliae has certain toxicity,which is consistent with the pharmacopoeia,references and clinical application.The mice's acute toxicity of different components of Rhizoma Pinelliae is alcohol extraction components >water extraction components and all-components, while the last two components are atoxic on the whole.

Key words: Rhizoma Pinelliae , different components, mice, acute toxicity