Mechanisms of Sanhan Huashi Granules on a Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Induced Pneumonia Model in Mice

doi:10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250031

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To study the therapeutic mechanism of Sanhan Huashi granules (SHG) on a pneumonia model induced by influenza A (H1N1) virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in mice. Methods The mice were infected with the FM1 strain of influenza A (H1N1) virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) by nasal drip to construct a mouse model of viral pneumonia. Both influenza A (H1N1) virus group and the RSV group were divided into normal group, model group, Lianhua Qingwen group(LHG), SHG groups with high-dose(52.8 g·kg^-1·d^-1), medium-dose(26.4 g·kg^-1·d^-1), and low-dose (13.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1). And oseltamivir group was served as the control group in the influenza A (H1N1) virus group, ribavirin group was served as the control group in the RSV group. After modelling and intragastric administration, the lung tissues of the mice were taken to accurately calculate the lung index and its inhibition rate. For mice infected with the FM1 strain of influenza A (H1N1) virus, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed on the bronchioles and lung tissues. The pathological changes were observed under a microscope, and the grades were scored by the established standards. At the same time, the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-33 ( IL-33 ) in lung tissues of mice infected with RSV were detected. Results A medium dose of SHG could significantly reduce the lung index of mice in the H1N1/FM1 model group (P <0.05), improve the pathological changes of bronchioles and lung tissues, and reduce the grade of lung and bronchial lesions while a high dose of SHG could significantly reduce the lung index of RSV-infected mice (P<0.05). The three doses of SHG could significantly increase the content of IL-4 but reduce the content of IL-33 in RSV-infected mice. The contents of IL-4 in the model group, the low-dose group, the medium-dose group and the high-dose group were（50.20±2.22）,（61.63±1.34）,（71.46±2.39）and（56.74±1.24）pg·mL^-1 respectively, compared with(1 787.37±60.59), (1 273.10±378.04), (1 532.38±337.96) and(1 347.33±345.39)pg·mL^-1for IL-33, all of which were significantly different from those of the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Conclusion SHG can mitigate the severity of pathological changes of bronchioles and lung tissues of mice, significantly reduce the grade of lung and bronchial lesions, significantly lower the lung index of viral pneumonia in model mice, and increase the content of IL-4 in the lungs of mice while decreasing the content of IL-33.

Key words: Sanhan Huashi Granules, H1N1 Influenza A Virus, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Viral Pneumonia, Mice

CLC Number:

ZHAO Ronghua, ZHU Chunxu, SUN Jing, BAO Lei, WANG Xinwei, GENG Zihan, ZHANG Jingsheng, GUO Shanshan, LI Shuran, WANG Daohan, CUI Xiaolan. Mechanisms of Sanhan Huashi Granules on a Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza Virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Induced Pneumonia Model in Mice[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2025, 22(5): 488-494.

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