Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of acute laryngeal edema induced by inhalation of acetylcysteine solution and to devise corresponding diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies in order to provide evidence-based references for safe medications. Methods One clinical case that presented with acute laryngeal edema following inhalation of acetylcysteine solution administration was analyzed before management protocols were formulated based on literature and evidence. Results A patient was treated for endoleaks in a stented abdominal aortic aneurysm. One hour and 47 minutes after acetylcysteine inhalation, the patient developed acute laryngeal edema, with clinical manifestations of dyspnea and hoarseness. The temporal correlation between drug administration and the symptom onset strongly suggested acute laryngeal edema due to acetylcysteine solution. Immediate discontinuation of the suspected agent combined with adrenaline therapy resulted in complete resolution of clinical manifestations and stabilization of vital signs. Conclusion Clinicians should remain vigilant against the risk of acute laryngeal edema associated with inhalation of acetylcysteine solution. This condition has a rapid onset and is potentially life-threatening. Enhanced clinical monitoring, comprehensive assessment, prompt withdrawal of suspected agents and adrenaline therapy when necessary are crucial to optimizing patient outcomes.

Key words: Acetylcysteine, Inhalation, Anaphylaxis, Acute Laryngeal Edema, Adverse Drug Reactions