Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of hypersensitivity syndrome induced by hydroxychloroquine. Methods The diagnosis and treatment process of hypersensitivity syndrome caused by hydroxychloroquine sulfate tablets in a 41-year-old female patient was analyzed based on literature, who had been diagnosed with a connective tissue disease or Sjogren’s syndrome (likely) after two weeks of treatment with hydroxychloroquine. Results Based on such data as the patient’s history of both medication and allergy, the correlation between hydroxychloroquine and hypersensitivity syndrome was determined as “probable”. The patient improved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion Hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare but serious adverse reaction of hydroxychloroquine. The results of blood tests may not be revealing. Human herpes virus screening can help identify drug hypersensitivity syndrome. This adverse reaction deserves more attention in clinical practice.

Key words: Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate, Drug Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome, Rash, Connective Tissue Disease, Adverse Drug Reactions