中国药物警戒 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (6): 714-719.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250593

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

急性肺损伤发病机制及中药干预研究进展

牛源菲1,2,3, 刘美婷1, 荣文双4, 马丽娜5, 顾媛媛5, 张立春6, 侯红平1, 杨梦园1, 郑长辉1, 富尧4, 何婷5, 赵薇5, 王连嵋1#, 曹俊岭2,5,*   

  1. 1中国中医科学院中药研究所,道地药材品质保障与资源持续利用全国重点实验室,中草药中精神活性物质发现与防控北京市重点实验室,中药安全用药风险评控与转化重点实验室,北京 100700;
    2北京中医药大学中药学院,北京 100029;
    3河南省人民医院药学部,河南 郑州 450003;
    4北京中医药大学东直门医院,北京 100007;
    5北京中医药大学东方医院,北京 100078;
    6中国中医科学院望京医院呼吸科,北京 100102
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-27 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-18
  • 通讯作者: *曹俊岭,男,博士,主任药师,中药毒理与安全用药。E-mail: caojunling72@163.com。#为共同通信作者。
  • 作者简介:牛源菲,女,博士,中药毒理与安全用药。
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局科技司-特色饮片柴胡不同炮制品的挖掘应用（GZY-KJS-2022-057）; 国家中医药管理局中药炮制技术传承基地项目（国中医药科技中药便函[2022]59号）; 中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目（CI2024E003）; 曹俊岭全国老药工传承工作室建设项目（国中医药人教函 2024-255）; 曹俊岭临方炮制中医药传统技能传承工作室（2025-JNZZS-13）; 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（ZXKT25043、ZXKT25036）

Research Progress in the Pathogenesis of Acute Lung Injury and Interventions with Traditional Chinese Medicine

NIU Yuanfei1,2,3, LIU Meiting1, RONG Wenshuang4, MA Lina5, GU Yuanyuan5, ZHANG Lichun6, HOU Hongping1, YANG Mengyuan1, ZHENG Changhui1, FU Yao4, HE Ting5, ZHAO Wei5, WANG Lianmei1#, CAO Junling2,5,*   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory for Quality Assurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Psychoactive Substances Discovery and Control in Chinese Herbal Medicines, Key Laboratory of TCM Safety Risk Assessment and Translation, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
    2School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China;
    3Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou Henan 450003, China;
    4Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100007, China;
    5Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China;
    6Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wang Jing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • Received:2025-08-27 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-18

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摘要： 目的 归纳总结中药及其活性成分干预急性肺损伤（ALI）的研究进展,为ALI的临床治疗与新药研发提供参考。方法 分析ALI的病理生理机制,梳理中药及其活性成分通过调控炎症、氧化应激及多种程序性细胞死亡（如凋亡、焦亡）等相关通路干预ALI的相关研究。结果 ALI及其重症形式急性呼吸窘迫综合征是临床危重症患者呼吸衰竭的主要病因,具有高发病率及高死亡率的特点。ALI发病机制复杂,涉及炎症反应失衡、氧化应激、细胞凋亡及肺泡-毛细血管屏障功能障碍等多个环节,各环节相互交织形成复杂的病理网络。目前ALI的临床治疗仍以器官支持及抗炎为主,缺乏特异性干预手段。结论 中医药具有多靶点、多通路整合调节的特色,与ALI复杂的病理网络特点高度契合,可能为ALI治疗提供新的补充策略,值得进一步研究与探索。

关键词: 急性肺损伤, 发病机制, 中药干预, 多靶点, 炎症与氧化应激, 程序性细胞死亡

Abstract: Objective To explore the advancements in research on interventions by traditional Chinese medicine and its active ingredients in acute lung injury (ALI) so as to provide a reference for the development of novel TCM-based pharma-cotherapies and for precision clinical strategies for the prevention and treatment of ALI. Methods The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying ALI were summarized. Recent research progress in mitigating ALI via TCM and its active components by modulating key pathways, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and the gut-lung axis was analyzed. Results ALI and its more severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), were leading causes of respiratory failure in critically ill patients and were associated with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of ALI was complex, involving multiple interconnected pathological processes, including dysregulated inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and disruption of the alveolar-capillary barrier. These factors were intertwined to form a sophisticated pathological network. Current clinical management of ALI primarily relied on organ support and anti-inflammatory therapies, and specific and effective interventions were lacking. Conclusion TCM, characterized by a holistic regulatory approach through multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms, is well-aligned with this intricate pathological network and offers unique therapeutic advantages. This compatibility suggests that TCM promises to be an adjunctive approach to ALI, so more research is needed.

Key words: Acute Lung Injury(ALI), Pathogenesis, Traditional Chinese Medicine Intervention, Multi-Target, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress, Programmed Cell Death

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