中国药物警戒 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 414-419.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250862

• 基础与临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS的归脾安眠汤体内外化学成分分析

郑海云1, 王瑞芬2, 熊婕3, 赵飞4, 王斌1,*, 余文5#   

  1. 1中国中医科学院中医药科技合作中心,北京 100700;
    2濮阳市产品质量检验检测中心,河南 濮阳 457000;
    3中国中医药科技发展中心,国家中医药管理局人才交流中心,北京 100027;
    4辽宁省检验检测认证中心,辽宁 沈阳 110000;
    5中国食品药品检定研究院,北京 100050
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-29 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者: *王斌,男,博士,研究员,中医药信息学相关研究。E-mail: gam_wb@hotmail.com。#为共同通信作者。
  • 作者简介:郑海云,女,硕士,高级工程师,中药与相关健康产品研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（82274685）; 中医药监测统计研究课题（2025JCTJE17）

Identification of in vitro and in vivo Chemical Constituents of Guipi Anmian Decoction Based on UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS

ZHENG Haiyun1, WANG Ruifen2, XIONG Jie3, ZHAO Fei4, WANG Bin1,*, YU Wen5#   

  1. 1Science and Technology Collaborating Center for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
    2Puyang Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center, Puyang Henan 457000, China;
    3China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Talent Exchange Centre of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100027, China;
    4Liaoning Inspection, Examination & Certification Centre, Shenyang Liaoning 110000, China;
    5National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
  • Received:2025-11-29 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-04-15

PDF (PC)

25

摘要： 目的 定性分析归脾安眠汤所含化学成分及其入血、入脑成分,为其快速测定和质量分析提供参考。方法 基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法（UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS）,以水煎煮药材,其中砂仁后下、人参另煎,以50%乙醇超声提取滤渣,制备归脾安眠汤的提取物。8只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白组与给药组,每组4只,给药组按生药量15 g·kg-1进行灌胃,空白组灌胃等量生理盐水,收集血浆及脑组织样品。采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP C18（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7 μm）色谱柱,以乙腈（A）-0.1%甲酸水溶液（B）为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱采用正负切换的全扫描及数据依赖型二级质谱扫描模式（Full MS/dd MS2）采集数据,获得精确的一级质谱信息以及丰富的二级质谱碎片信息,结合对照品保留时间、PubChem数据库及相关文献报道,对体内外成分进行鉴定。结果 从归脾安眠汤中共鉴定出158个化合物,包括55个萜类成分、34个黄酮类成分、15个鞣质类成分、19个苯丙素类成分、35个其他成分（8个生物碱类成分、5个酚酸类成分、5个氨基酸类成分、4个核苷酸类成分、13个其他类成分）;血浆及脑组织中分别检测出25、29个原型成分。结论 本研究对归脾安眠汤中化学成分及其入血、入脑成分建立了快速鉴定的方法,为其药效物质与质量控制的后续研究提供参考。

关键词: 归脾安眠汤, 余甘子, 人参, 入血成分, 入脑成分, 超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法, 大鼠

Abstract: Objective To quickly identify the main chemical components of Guipi Anmian decoction and those absorbed into the bloodstream and brain based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS) technology. Methods The herbs were decocted in water before Amomum villosum was added and Panax ginseng decocted separately. The filtered residue was extracted with 50% ethanol using ultrasonication. The filtrates were combined to prepare the extract of Guipi Anmian decoction. Eight SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group and administration group, with four rats in each. The rats in the administration group were given the extract of Guipi Anmian decoction by gavage (the crude drug concentration was 15 g·kg-1), while those in the control group received an equal dose of normal saline. Blood and brain tissue samples were collected after drug administration. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH Shield RP C18 column (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm). The mobile phase composed of acetonitrile (A) and water containing 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution (B) was used under gradient elution. As mass spectrometry, a full-scan mode with positive/negative ion switching and data-dependent secondary mass spectrometry scanning (Full MS/dd MS2) was adopted to acquire data so that precise primary information on mass spectrometry and abundant secondary fragmental data on mass spectrometry were collected. Combined with the reference standard retention times, PubChem database entries, and related literature, the main components in the extract and the prototype components in the plasma or brain were identified. Results A total of 158 chemical constituents were identified from GuipiAnmian decoction, including 55 terpenes, 34 flavonoids, 15 tannins, 19 phenylpropanoids, 8 alkaloids, 5 phenolic acids, 5 amino-acids, 4 nucleotides and 13 other compounds. Twenty-five of the prototype constituents were detected in the plasma and 29 in the brain. Conclusion A method for rapid multicomponent identification of GuipiAnmian decoction in vitro and in vivo has been established in this study, which is expected to contribute to research on effective substances and quality control.

Key words: Guipi Anmian Decoction, Phyllanthus emblica, Panax ginseng, Constituents Absorbed into Plasma, Constituents Absorbed into the Brain, UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS, Rats

中图分类号: