中国药物警戒 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 70-76.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250709

• 基于海藻-甘草配伍研究专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

海藻玉壶汤对生理与病理状态下大鼠肝肾功能影响的研究

范杰1, 吕艳敏2, 廖文勇1, 张继文1, 王丽3#, 修琳琳1,*   

  1. 1北京中医药大学中医学院,北京 102488;
    2内蒙古自治区医疗保险服务中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010050;
    3北京中医药大学管理学院,北京 102488
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-10 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 通讯作者: *修琳琳,女,博士,副教授,中药药性理论与临床应用。E-mail: xiulinlin@bucm.edu.cn; #为共同通信作者。
  • 作者简介:范杰,女,在读硕士,中药药性理论研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（82104411、82274118）; 北京中医药大学纵向科研发展基金（2025-ZXFZJJ-JW-002）

Effects of Haizao Yuhu Decoction on Hepatic and Renal Functions in Rats in Physiological and Pathological States

FAN Jie1, LYU Yanmin2, LIAO Wenyong1, ZHANG Jiwen1, WANG Li3#, XIU Linlin1,*   

  1. 1School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China;
    2Medical Insurance Service Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, China;
    3School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
  • Received:2025-10-10 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

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摘要： 目的 探究海藻玉壶汤对于正常大鼠和甲状腺功能减退伴甲状腺肿大模型大鼠肝肾功能的影响。方法 将60只雌雄各半的Wistar大鼠随机分成空白组、模型组（10 mg·kg-1）、阳性药组（20 μg·kg-1）、海藻玉壶汤+丙硫氧嘧啶（Propylthiouracil,PTU）组（HYD-M,12.06 g·mL-1）、海藻玉壶汤组（HYD-N,12.06 g·mL-1）,空白组、HYD-N组用去离子水灌胃,其余各组灌服丙硫氧嘧啶复制甲减伴甲肿病理模型,模型复制成功后,空白组、HYD-N组给予去离子水灌胃,以优甲乐为阳性对照,其余各组给予相应药物,在末次给药后12 h进行取材。检测各组大鼠肝肾功能,苏木素-伊红染色观察肝脏病理学变化,计算NAS评分。结果 与空白组比较,模型组大鼠丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）水平、尿素（UREA）水平、肌酐（CREA）水平、UREA/CREA水平显著升高（P<0.05、P<0.01、P<0.01、P<0.05）,ALT/天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平、血清尿酸（UA）水平显著降低（P<0.001、P<0.01）;HYD-N组肝脏系数显著升高（P<0.01）,UREA水平、UREA/CREA水平显著降低（P<0.05、P<0.01）。与模型组相比,HYD-M组AST/ALT水平升高（P<0.05）,UREA水平、UREA/CREA水平显著降低（P<0.05、P<0.001）。结论 甲减伴甲肿模型大鼠肝肾功能相关指标异常,海藻玉壶汤对模型大鼠产生了保护或治疗作用,而对正常大鼠产生了不良反应,提示配伍禁忌中药的安全性和有效性评价需基于不同的生理或病理状态展开。

关键词: 海藻玉壶汤, 甲状腺肿大, 丙硫氧嘧啶, 优甲乐, Wistar大鼠, 毒性研究

Abstract: Objective To study the effects of Haizao Yuhu decoction on hepatic and renal functions of normal rats and of hypothyroidism-based goiter model rats at the corresponding doses. Methods A total of 60 Wistar rats (half male and half female) were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group, model group, positive drug group (20 μg·kg-¹), Haizao Yuhu decoction+propylthiouracil (PTU) group (HYD-M, 10 mL·kg-1), and Haizao Yuhu decoction group (HYD-N, 10 mL·kg-1). The normal group and HYD-N group were given deionized water by gavage while the other groups were gavaged with PTU to establish a hypothyroidism-based goiter model. Euthyrox was used as the positive drug. The HYD-M group and HYD-N group were administered with Haizao Yuhu decoction by gavage. Samples were collected 12 hours after the last administration. Hepatic and renal functions of rats in each group were detected. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe hepatic pathological changes, and the NAS score was calculated. Results Compared with the normal group, the levels of ALT, UREA, CREA, and UREA/CREA were significantly increased in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01, P<0.05), while the levels of AST/ALT and UA were significantly decreased (P<0.001, P<0.01). In the HYD-N group, the liver coefficient was significantly increased (P<0.01) while the levels of UREA and UREA/CREA were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the AST/ALT level in the HYD-M group was increased (P<0.05) while those of UREA and UREA/CREA were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.001). Conclusion At corresponding doses, Haizao Yuhu decoction has no obvious hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity when used to treat hypothyroidism-based goiter model rats, and can reverse abnormal indicators caused by modeling. However, at the same dose, Haizao Yuhu decoction can increase the liver coefficient and impair the urea-producing function of the liver in normal rats.

Key words: Haizao Yuhu Decoction, Goiter, Propylthiouracil, Euthyrox, Wistar Rats, Toxicity Study

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