Abstract: Objective To compare the acute toxicity of different components from Polygonum multiflorum in mice and make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to Polygonum multiflorum in order to provide experimental data for safe use in clinical. Methods Respectively prepare the all components, water extraction components, alcohol extraction components, and compare the acute toxicity of different components in Polygonum multiflorum on mice in accordance with classical acute toxicity test methods. Results The acute toxicity of different components in on mice is: all components >alcohol extraction components >water extraction components. The all components, water extraction components, alcohol extraction components in Polygonum multiflorum are unable to make LD50, MTD Results calculated in accordance with crude drug content were respectively 20.0g·kg^-1·, 98.4g·kg^-1·d^-1 and 78.0g·kg^-1·d^-1, which is equal to 116.7 times, 574.0 times and 455.0 times of 70 kg people’s daily dried medicinal herb expenses. Diarrhea and hypokinesia were the main acute toxicial symptoms. Conclusion The Polygonum multiflorum has certain toxicity, which is consistent with the clinical adverse effect. By comparing the acute toxicity of different components in , it is beneficial to make an observation and evaluation of acute toxicity to Polygonum multiflorum and provide experimental basis for further toxicity-based toxical substances. The toxical components and toxical mechanism should be researched fourthly.

Key words: Polygonum multiflorum , different components, mice, acute toxicity