Abstract: Objective To investigate the application of antibacterial agents in pediatric inpatients in our hospital and evaluate the rationality to provide references for clinic. Methods 350 outpatients' medical records were selected randomly by HIS from January to June in 2016. The indexes in terms of antibacterial selection, frequency of medication, combination therapy and pathogenic examination were analyzed. Results 128 cases were treated with one kind of antibiotics and the ratio was 36.57%. 222 cases were treated with combination use of antibiotics and the ratio was 63.43%. The inspection ratio of pathogenic bacteria was 33.14%. Penicillins, cephalosporins, and macrolides ranked top 3 in terms of use frequency. Conclusion Clinical management of the use of antibacterials is mainly rational, but the irrational administration of antibiotics in pediatric outpatients is still present in terms of drug selection, combination therapy, frequency of medication and improper drug selection. The supervision of using antibiotics should be highlighted to enhance the clinical management of rational use of antibacterials.

Key words: pediatric, inpatients, antibiotics, rational drug use