Abstract: Objective To analyze the cause of convulsions accompanied by dyspnea induced by piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium for injection so as to provide a reference for safe clinical medication. Methods One case of serious adverse reactions in an AECOPD patient during treatment was retrospectively analyzed, and clinical manifestations and treatment regimens were summarized. Results Correlation analysis suggested that the adverse reaction of convulsions accompanied by dyspnea in this patient was definitively associated with the piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium injection. After discontinuation of piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium injection and effective treatment with cefoperazone sodium and sulbactam sodium injection, the patient’s symptoms were relieved. Conclusion Piperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodium injection may induce convulsions by antagonizing the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, which is common in patients with renal insufficiency or when overdose occurs. Clinicians should be alert to such adverse neurological events to ensure safe medication.

Key words: Piperacillin Sodium and Tazobactam Sodium for Injection, AECOPD, Convulsions, Dyspnea, γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Receptors, Adverse Drug Reaction