Abstract: Objective To summarize the factors that make a difference to the results of microscopic identification between Ophiopogonis Radix and Liriopes Radix and potential risks in order to enhance the ability of related laboratories to test Chinese medicinal materials microscopically and improve the quality control system. Methods Methods for microscopic identification between Ophiopogonis Radix and Liriopes Radix were outlined to analyze the causes of undesirable results. The original records were reviewed to find the problems in common before the determinants of the accuracy of microscopic detection were identified. Results A good knowledge of microscopic characteristics of Ophiopogonis Radix and Liriopes Radix, proper microscopic sections and sound judgment could make a big difference to the test results. Conclusion To enhance the ability of laboratories to conduct microscopic detection and improve the quality control system, it is important that testers gain insights into key microscopic characteristics, experimental procedures be standardized, and the ability to exercise good judgment be strengthened.

Key words: Chinese Medicinal Materials, Ophiopogonis Radix, Liriopes Radix, Proficiency Test, Microscopic Identification, Microscopic Characteristics, Microscopic Section, Comprehensive Judgment