Abstract: Objective To analyze the blood concentrations of sodium valproate in inpatients at a hospital and explore the determinants of blood concentrations and therapeutic target attainment so as to provide references for rational use of sodium valproate. Methods This study was a retrospective study. The concentrations of sodium valproate in patients hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University between October 20, 2021 and March 26, 2026 were analyzed. All the samples were detected via fluorescent immunochromatographic assay and a total of 137 valid cases were collected. The therapeutic target attainment rate of blood concentrations and the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in these patients were calculated while the effects of gender, age, liver function, smoking history, drinking history, comorbidities, dosage forms, daily dose, and concomitant medications on blood concentrations and the target attainment rate were explored. Results The mean blood concentration of sodium valproate among the 137 inpatients was (60.38±36.80) μg·mL^-1, and the target attainment rate was 44.52%. The incidence of ADRs was 13.87%. Notably, the incidence of ADRs was significantly higher among patients with blood concentrations above 100 μg·mL^-1 and those treated with injection. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that daily dose, injection, concomitant carbapenems and hepatic enzyme inducers were independent factors influencing blood concentrations, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis suggested that liver function was an independent influencing factor of the target attainment rate of blood concentrations (OR=8.349, 95%CI: 1.752-39.772, P=0.008). Conclusion Clinicians should closely monitor patients’ liver function, daily dose, and dosage forms, as well as concomitant use of carbapenems and hepatic enzyme inducers when administering sodium valproate. Monitoring blood concentrations of sodium valproate can provide references for its rational clinical administration.

Key words: Sodium Valproate, Blood Concentrations, Target Attainment Rate, Fluorescent Immunochromatographic Assay, Influencing Factors