中国药物警戒 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 141-146.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250535

• 基础与临床研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

通心舒胶囊对心肌梗死大鼠心脏炎症微环境及心肌细胞凋亡的影响

李娜1,2, 姚魁武1,3,*   

  1. 1中国中医科学院广安门医院心血管科，北京 100053;
    2河北中医药大学中医学院，河北 石家庄 050200;
    3中国中医科学院学术处，北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-11 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-13
  • 通讯作者: *姚魁武，男，博士，教授·博导，中西医结合防治心血管病。E-mail: yaokuiwu@126.com
  • 作者简介:李娜，女，博士，讲师·硕导，中西医结合防治心血管病。
  • 基金资助:
    京津冀基础研究合作专项项目（J230037）; 河北省自然科学基金资助项目（H2024423054）; 河北省教育厅青年拔尖人才项目（BJK2024186）; 河北省中医药管理局（2025067）; 广安合同2020年第018号（81542）; 2024年河北中医药大学优秀创新团队建设项目

Effects of Tongxinshu Capsules on Inflammatory Microenvironments and Myocardial Cell Apoptosis in Hearts of Rats with Myocardial Infarction

LI Na1,2, YAO Kuiwu1,3,*   

  1. 1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100053, China;
    2College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050200, China;
    3Academic Office of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, China
  • Received:2025-08-11 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-13

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摘要： 目的 探讨益气活血法常用中成药通心舒胶囊改善心肌梗死大鼠心脏炎症及对细胞凋亡的影响。方法 建立大鼠左前降支结扎的心肌梗死模型，50只大鼠分为正常组（Normal）、假手术组（Sham）、模型组（Model）、通心舒组（TXSC）（0.16g·kg-1）、阳性对照西药组（Positive）组，每组10只。通过免疫组化测量心脏NOD样受体热蛋白结构域蛋白3（NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3，NLRP3）炎症小体数量，测量血清中炎症因子水平，测量大鼠胸腺体重指数，综合评估通心舒胶囊对心肌梗死大鼠心肌梗死边缘区炎症微环境的影响。观察心肌梗死大鼠血清、心脏组织总胆汁酸指标。通过原位末端标记法（TdT-Mediated dUTP Nick End Labeling, TUNEL）染色测定心肌细胞凋亡程度，蛋白质印迹法(Western Blot, WB)检测凋亡相关蛋白，Bax，Bcl-2的水平。结果 通心舒胶囊可以降低心肌梗死大鼠心脏组织NLRP3（P<0.01），降低血清IL-1β（P<0.01）、TNF-α（P<0.05），提高胸腺体重指数（P<0.05）。同时降低血清中总胆汁酸（P<0.05）、降低心脏组织总胆汁酸（P<0.05）。TUNEL免疫荧光染色发现通心舒胶囊可以有效抑制心肌梗死导致的心肌凋亡数量（P<0.01），下调心脏组织Bax/Bcl-2蛋白的比值（P<0.05）。结论 通心舒胶囊可以降低心脏、血清的炎性浸润，从而改善心肌梗死后机体的免疫环境。通过降低胆汁酸减轻脂毒性，进一步改善炎症浸润。对心肌梗死后心肌具有明显的抗凋亡作用，降低心肌凋亡数量，降低Bax/Bcl-2蛋白的比率。

关键词: 通心舒胶囊, 心肌梗死, 气虚血瘀证, 炎症微环境, 细胞凋亡, 大鼠

Abstract: Objective To explore the role of Tongxinshu capsules, a traditional Chinese patent medicine, in mitigating heart inflammation and apoptosis in rats with myocardial infarction. Methods A myocardial infarction model was established in rats with left anterior descending artery ligation. Fifty rats were divided into five groups: the normal group (Normal), sham operation group (Sham), model group (Model), Tongxinshu group (TXSC), and positive control Western medicine group (Positive), with 10 rats in each. The number of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the heart was measured by immunohistochemistry, and the levels of inflammatory factors in the serum were determined. The indicators of total bile acids in the serum and cardiac tissue of rats with myocardial infarction were observed. The degree of myocardial cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining, and the levels of apoptosis related proteins, Bax, and Bcl-2 were detected by Western blot. Results Tongxinshu capsules could reduce NLRP3 in the heart tissue of myocardial infarction rats(P<0.01), decrease serum levels of IL-1β (P<0.01) and TNF-α (P<0.05), and increase the thymus body mass index (P<0.05). They could also significantly reduce levels of total bile acids in both serum and cardiac tissue (P<0.05). Conclusion Tongxinshu capsules can reduce inflammatory infiltration in the heart and serum, thereby improving the immune environment of the body after myocardial infarction. Reducing bile acids can help alleviate lipid toxicity and ameliorate inflammatory infiltration. This drug has a significant antiapoptotic effect on the myocardium after myocardial infarction by mitigating myocardial apoptosis and decreasing the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 proteins.

Key words: Tongxinshu Capsules, Myocardial Infarction, Qi Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome, Inflammatory Microenvironment, Apoptosis, Rats

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