阿尔兹海默症靶向治疗方案的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer disease, AD）是一种发病机制尚未完全阐明的慢性神经退行性疾病, 其最主要的病理特点是细胞内的神经元纤维缠结（neurofibrillary tangles, NFTs）,以及细胞外部β淀粉样蛋白（amyloid β-peptide,Aβ）沉积所形成的老年斑。AD患者临床表现有记忆力逐渐下降和日常行为能力的逐渐丧失,之后进展为长期记忆缺陷。AD的长期性对患者、患者的家庭甚至整个社会都造成了巨大的感情和财政负担。而其可能的致病因素也众说纷纭,但是已经明确发现的致病因素有Aβ蛋白沉积、炎症反应、线粒体功能障碍、氧化应激损伤、Tau蛋白异常的磷酸化等等。从AD发病机制出发,以相应的病理因素为靶点,开发出具有新的药理活性的药物正在被人们广泛关注。本文主要讨论了近些年来一些治疗AD的研究进展,旨在为药物研发提供新的策略和方向。

关键词: 阿尔兹海默症, 靶向治疗, 研究进展

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease which pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Its main pathological features are intracellular formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and senile plaques formed by deposition of external amyloid β-peptide (Aβ). The clinical manifestations of AD patients have a gradual decline in memory and a gradual loss of daily behavioral ability, eventually progressing to long-term memory deficits. The long-term nature of AD has caused enormous emotional and financial burdens on patients, families of patients, and even society as a whole. The possible pathogenic factors are also widely discussed, but the pathogenic factors that have been clearly identified are Aβ protein deposition, inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress damage, and abnormal phosphorylation of Tau protein. Starting from the pathogenesis of AD, with the corresponding pathological factors as the target, the development of drugs with new pharmacological activities is underway. This article mainly discusses some research progress in the treatment of AD in recent years, aiming to provide new strategies and directions for future drug development.

Key words: Alzheimer's disease, targeted therapy, research progress

中图分类号:

R965

王硕, 陈乃宏, 苑玉和. 阿尔兹海默症靶向治疗方案的研究进展[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2018, 15(12): 755-760.

WANG Shuo, CHEN Naihong, YUAN Yuhe. Advances in Research on Targeted Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2018, 15(12): 755-760.

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