中国药物警戒 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (1): 34-41.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250783

• 蒙药药效物质基础与作用机制研究专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

蒙药小秦艽花有效活性成分通过NF-κB信号通路改善小鼠慢性阻塞性肺疾病

张文雪1,2, 王宁2,△, 郭琪2,3, 宋汶轩1,2, 陈星雨1,2, 马奥2,3, 王敏杰2,4#, 伊乐泰2,5,*   

  1. 1内蒙古医科大学药学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110;
    2内蒙古医科大学中药（蒙药）质量研究与药效评价重点实验室,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110;
    3包头医学院,药学院,内蒙古 包头 014040;
    4内蒙古医科大学基础医学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110;
    5内蒙古医科大学民族医药创新中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-05 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
  • 通讯作者: *伊乐泰,男,硕士,教授·硕导,中蒙药活性物质基础研究。E-mail：yiletai@126.com; #为共同通信作者。
  • 作者简介:张文雪,女,硕士,中蒙药活性物质基础研究。△为并列第一作者。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（82360828）; 内蒙古医科大学科技创新团队蒙药质量标准化与药效评价团队（YKD2022TD001）

Active Constituents of Mongolian Medicinal Gentiana dahurica Fisch. Flower Ameliorate Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Mice through NF-κB Signaling Pathway

ZHANG Wenxue1,2, WANG Ning2,△, GUO Qi2,3, SONG Wenxuan1,2, CHEN Xingyu1,2, MA Ao2,3, WANG Minjie2,4#, YI Letai2,5,*   

  1. 1School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010000, China;
    2Key Laboratory of Quality Research and Efficacy Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010000, China;
    3School of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou Inner Mongolia 014040, China;
    4School of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010000, China;
    5Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010110, China
  • Received:2025-11-05 Online:2026-01-15 Published:2026-01-15

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摘要： 目的 探讨蒙药小秦艽花活性成分咖啡酸、槲皮素对香烟烟雾暴露联合脂多糖诱导的慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）小鼠肺损伤的改善作用及其机制。方法 采用香烟烟雾暴露联合鼻腔滴注脂多糖的方法构建COPD小鼠模型。60只雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为空白组（Control组）、模型组（Model组）、地塞米松组（DEX组,2 mg·kg-1）、咖啡酸组（CA组,15 mg·kg-1）、槲皮素组（QUE组,10 mg·kg-1）,每组12只。采用半自动香烟暴露染毒机烟雾暴露进行造模,每周暴露6 d,每日分2次暴露,2次暴露间隔6 h,每次使用6支香烟,单支香烟燃烧间隔8 min持续造模16周。造模第5周开始给药,持续造模给药12周。造模期间各给药组于每日灌胃相应药物或生理盐水,除Control组外,其余组在灌胃给药的基础上,每周鼻腔滴注低剂量LPS（0.2 mg·kg-1）1次。检测小鼠体重变化、肺功能、组织病理学改变、炎性因子表达及蛋白表达水平;通过分子对接预测活性成分与关键蛋白的结合能力。结果 与Control组相比,Model组小鼠体重增长缓慢,肺功能显著下降,肺组织呈现明显炎症损伤,炎症因子mRNA水平及NF-κB p65、IκBα表达显著升高（P<0.05）。与Model组比较,咖啡酸组和槲皮素组小鼠体重及肺功能指标明显改善,肺组织病理损伤减轻,炎症因子表达及NF-κB通路相关蛋白表达水平均显著降低（P<0.05）。分子对接结果显示,咖啡酸和槲皮素均能与NF-κB通路关键蛋白稳定结合。结论 小秦艽花有效活性成分咖啡酸与槲皮素可有效改善COPD小鼠的体重下降情况及肺功能指标,减轻肺部病理损伤及炎症情况,其作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB信号通路的激活有关。

关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 小秦艽花, 蒙药, 咖啡酸, 槲皮素, 分子对接, NF-κB信号通路, 小鼠

Abstract: Objective To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of active constituents-caffeic acid and quercetin-from Gentiana dahurica flower against lung injury in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) induced by cigarette smoke exposure combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods A COPD mouse model was established by combining cigarette smoke exposure with intranasal LPS administration. Sixty male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to five groups (n=12): control group, model group, dexamethasone group (2 mg·kg⁻¹), caffeic acid group (15 mg·kg⁻¹), and quercetin group (10 mg·kg⁻¹). Except the control group, all the mice were exposed to cigarette smoke using a semi-automatic exposure system for 16 weeks. Drug administration by gavage started at week 5 and continued for 12 weeks. Low-dose LPS was intranasally instilled once weekly. Body weight, lung function, histopathological changes, inflammatory mediator expressions, and NF-κB pathway-related protein levels were recorded. Molecular docking analysis was conducted to evaluate the binding affinity of caffeic acid and quercetin to key NF-κB signaling proteins. Results Compared with the control group, COPD model mice exhibited suppressed body weight gain, impaired lung function, pronounced inflammatory lung injury, and significantly elevated mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines as well as increased expressions of NF-κB p65 and IκBα proteins (P<0.05). Treatment with caffeic acid or quercetin markedly improved body weight and lung function, alleviated pathological damage to the lung, and significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine expressions and NF-κB pathway-related protein levels compared with the model group (P<0.05). Molecular docking results demonstrated stable binding of both caffeic acid and quercetin to key proteins of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Conclusion Caffeic acid and quercetin, the major active constituents of Gentiana dahurica flower, can effectively ameliorate lung dysfunction, pathological injury, and inflammatory responses in COPD mice, potentially by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway activation.

Key words: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Gentiana dahurica Fisch., Mongolian Medicine, Caffeic Acid, Quercetin, Molecular Docking, NF-κB Signaling Pathway, Mice

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