Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7): 757-766.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20260168

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Mongolian medicine Siwei Tumuxiang powder ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating metabolic networks

Guo Ying1,2, Guo Yuting1,2, Yin Dongjie1,2, Ren Zhongjie1,2, Dong Na1,2, Wei Minghui3, Lu Ziyu1,2, Li Xiangming1, Wang Minjie1, Xue Mingming1,*   

  1. 1School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010059, China;
    2Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010059, China;
    3Laboratory and Experimental Equipment Management Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010059, China
  • Received:2026-03-02 Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-07-16

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Abstract: Objective To investigate the cardioprotective effects of the Mongolian medicine Siwei Tumuxiang powder (STP) against pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy (POH) resulting from abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) in rats, and to explore its underlying mechanism using metabolomics. Methods Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham-operated (Sham), model (Mod), STP (1.6 g·kg-1), and the positive control captopril (CAP) group (0.015 g·kg-1). Following AAC surgery, the rats received intragastric administration of the respective drug for four weeks. Cardiac function was recorded using echocardiography. Myocardial pathological changes were observed via Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson staining. The expression levels of markers for cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were detected using RT-qPCR and Western blot. Untargeted metabolomics based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was employed in combination with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to screen out key metabolites and pathways. Results Compared to the Mod group, STP inter-vention significantly reduced the anterior wall thickness (AWT) and posterior wall thickness (PWT), increased ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), thereby improving cardiac function in AAC rats. STP also mitigated myocardial cell edema, disordered fiber arrangement, and collagen deposition. Furthermore, STP downregulated the mRNA and protein expression levels of ANP, β-MHC, TGF-β, and Col-1. Metabolomics analysis identified five core metabolic modules closely associated with both the disease state and drug intervention, leading to the selection of 52 hub metabolites, 39 of which were closely correlated with the disease. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these hub metabolites were primarily enriched in such pathways as riboflavin metabolism, caffeine metabolism, and linoleic acid metabolism. Conclusions TP exerts a significant protective effect against AAC-induced POH, which is closely associated with its ability to improve mitochondrial energy supply by regulating riboflavin metabolism, to maintain purine homeostasis by regulating caffeine metabolism, and to inhibit inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting linoleic acid metabolism. This study highlights the multi-component, multi-target, and network-regulating properties of this Mongolian medicinal compound.

Key words: Siwei Tumuxiang Powder, Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy, UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, Untargeted Metabolomics, Rats

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