Abstract: Objective To review recent research on the establishment and evaluation of animal models of sleep disorders and related assessment techniques, and summarize the latest research findings on animal models of high-altitude sleep disorders so as to provide a reference for subsequent studies. Methods Literature on animal models of sleep disorders and animal sleep evaluation techniques was retrieved from such databases as CNKI, PubMed, and Elsevier before being analyzed in terms of animal species, model construction methods and principles employed. Results Rodents, including SD rats, C57BL/6J mice, and KM mice, are commonly selected to establish animal models of sleep disorders that are usually constructed via pharmacological induction, sleep deprivation, and stress stimulation. Each of these models has distinct physiopathological characteristics and provides an important reference. Currently, animal models of highaltitude sleep disorders are primarily established using hypobaric hypoxia exposure, which fails to fully replicate the complex pathological state of these disorders. For different syndrome patterns of sleep disorders, diseasesyndrome combination animal models are typically established using various multifactor composite approaches, with rodents serving as the primary experimental subjects. These models can open new avenues for the construction of highaltitude sleep disorder animal models. The constant development of evaluation techniques for animal models of sleep disorders provides technical support for the analysis of the pathological mechanisms of sleep disorders and the assessment of intervention effects. Conclusion More in-depth research is required on animal models of high-altitude sleep disorders. The availability of animal models and evaluation standards that reflect the clinical reality of high-altitude sleep disorders is essential for advancing the research and development of preventive and therapeutic drugs and for safeguarding the health of populations in high-altitude regions.

Key words: High-Altitude, Sleep Disorders, Animal Model Establishment, Disease-Syndrome Combination Animal Models, Rat, Mice