Abstract: Objective To provide some reference for pediatric drug toxicity based on thoughts of use and prevention of pediatric drug toxicity from the Compendium of Materia Medica. Methods To extract factors such as smell and prescriptions of pediatric drug toxicity from the Compendium of Materia Medica, to establish a database of pediatric application of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) toxicity with Excel 2016. With the database then its indications, processing, compatibility and application were statistically analyzed. Results There are 71 different kinds of TCM toxicity were used in pediatrics. Most of the drug toxicities are with mediocre or little poison. The majority of the prescriptions, 136 in total, are oral drugs which were processed first and then put into the prescriptions. The dosages were mostly measured with "Yi Zi" and "Ban Qian", and they were often used with vinegar or liquids which were made of rice. During the process, the compatibility of reducing toxicity should be focused. Conclusion The pediatric drug toxicity in the Compendium of Materia Medica contains rich clinical practice of pharmacovigilance, especially on its thoughts of use and prevention drug toxicity, which should be a good guidance for rational drug use in modern pediatrics.

Key words: Compendium of Materia Medica, pediatrics, toxic TCM, use and prevention of drug toxicity