中国药物警戒 ›› 2016, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (11): 641-644.

• 基础与临床研究 •    下一篇

决明子不同提取方式对正常小鼠的急性毒性比较研究

黄娜娜1, 2, 孙蓉2*, *   

  1. 1.山东中医药大学,山东 济南 250355;
    2.山东省中医药研究院,山东 济南 250014
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-05 修回日期:2016-12-05 出版日期:2016-11-20 发布日期:2016-12-05
  • 作者简介:黄娜娜,女,在读硕士,中药药理与毒理。

Comparative Study on Acute Toxicity of Different Extraction Methods of Cassia Semen on Normal Mice

HUANG Na-na1, 2, SUN Rong2, *   

  1. 1.Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250355, China;
    2 .Shandong Academy of Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250014, China
  • Received:2016-12-05 Revised:2016-12-05 Online:2016-11-20 Published:2016-12-05
  • Contact: 孙蓉,女,博士,研究员·博导,中药药理与毒理。E-mail：sunrong107@163.com
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金项目（81450021）; 山东省自主创新和成果转化项目（2014ZZCX02104）; 山东省泰山学者工程专项经费资助（ts201511107）

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摘要： 目的 比较决明子不同提取方式对正常小鼠急性毒性的影响,观察与评价决明子药材的急性毒性,为临床安全合理用药提供依据。方法 分别制备决明子全粉提取物、水提物和醇提物及正丁醇萃取物,采用经典急性毒性实验方法分别测定近似最小致死量（MLD）、最大耐受量（MTD）或半数致死量（LD50）。结果 决明子醇提物对正常小鼠MTD为159.6 g·kg-1·d-1,相当于临床70 kg成年人每千克体重日用量的774.8倍;决明子全粉提取物、水提物及正丁醇萃取物对正常小鼠的MLD为20.0 g·kg-1·d-1、76.6 g·kg-1·d-1和1 493.6 g·kg-1·d-1,相当于临床70 kg成年人每千克体重日用量的93.3倍、357.6倍和6 969.7倍。决明子灌胃小鼠的急性毒性症状主要有：精神不佳、怠动、俯卧昏睡和便溏。结论 决明子不同提取物急性毒性大小顺序依次是醇提物>全粉提取物>水提物>正丁醇萃取物,其毒性成分与致毒机制尚待进一步研究。

关键词: 决明子, 小鼠, 急性毒性

Abstract: Objective To compare the acute toxicity effect of different extraction methods of Cassia Semen on normal mice and observe/evaluate the acute toxicity of Cassia Semen, so as to provide a foundation for safe and rational drug use in clinic. Methods Preparing the all-components, water extracted components, alcohol extracted components and n-butyl alcohol extracted components then ig. all-components, water extracted components and alcohol extracted components of aconite to mice and the MLD, LD50 were tested respectively by the classical methods of acute toxicity. Results The MTD of alcohol extracted components was 159.6 g·kg-1·d-1, which was respectively equal to 774.8 times of the clinical daily dosage in 70 kg humans. The MLD of all-components was 20.0 g·kg-1·d-1, the MLD of water extracted components was 76.6 g·kg-1·d-1 and the MLD of n-butyl alcohol extracted components was 1 493.6 g·kg-1·d-1, which was respectively equal to 93.3 times, 357.6 times and 6 969.7 times of the clinical daily dosage in 70 kg humans. By observing, we found that poor spirit, hypokinesia, prostrate motionlessness and loose stools were the main symptoms and signs of acute toxicity caused by aconite. Conclusion The sequence of acute toxicity of different extracts from Cassia Semen is alcohol extracted components > all-components > water extracted components > n-butyl alcohol extracted components. The toxical components and mechanisms should be further researched.

Key words: Cassia Semen, mouse, acute toxicity

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