中国药物警戒 ›› 2011, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (8): 454-458.

• 柴胡肝毒性物质基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同提取工艺对北柴胡不同炮制品皂苷a含量及急性毒性实验比较研究

孙蓉1, 黄伟2, 尹建伟3   

  1. 1 山东省中医药研究院,山东 济南 250014;
    2 山东中医药大学,山东 济南 250355;
    3 济南杏林生物技术有限公司,山东 济南 250101
  • 收稿日期:2010-07-12 出版日期:2011-08-10 发布日期:2015-07-30
  • 作者简介:孙蓉,女,研究员,硕士生导师,中药药理与毒理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（30672649）; 山东省科技平台建设项目（2008GG2NS02021）; 山东省科技公关关键技术研究课题（2007GG2NS02073）; 山东省国际合作引智项目（L20083700336）; 国家重点基础研究发展计划 （973）中医基础理论专项资助项目 （项目编号：2009CB522802）; 国家863科技攻关计划课题（2004BA721A15）

Comparative Study on the Content of Saikosaponin a and Acute Toxicity of Different Extracted Craft Samples of Bupleurum and its Processed Products

SUN Rong1, HUANG Wei2, YIN Jian-wei3   

  1. 1 Shandong Research Academy of TCM, Shandong Jinan, 250014, China;
    2 Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Jinan 250355, China;
    3 Jinan Xinglin Biology Techonology Corporation, Shandong Jinan 250101, China
  • Received:2010-07-12 Online:2011-08-10 Published:2015-07-30

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摘要： 目的 探讨不同提取工艺对北柴胡不同炮制品皂苷a含量的变化及对小鼠急性毒性的影响。方法 分别采用水提取、60%乙醇提取和60%乙醇-水提取3种方法,制备北柴胡不同炮制品的提取物浸膏,运用HPLC法和经典急性毒性实验法,分别进行北柴胡不同炮制品中柴胡皂苷a的含量测定及小鼠急性毒性比较研究。结果 北柴胡生品、清炒品、醋炙品、酒炙品和蜜炙品不同炮制品水提取物中柴胡皂苷a的百分含量依次为0.08%,0.07%,0.00%,0.04%,0.00%,测得其最大给药量（MLD）值按含生药量计算分别为181.6,244.0,118.8,122.4和170.4 g·kg-1·d-1;60%乙醇提取物中柴胡皂苷a的百分含量依次为0.15%,0.06%,0.16%,0.09%,0.08%,测得其最小致死量（MTD）值按含生药量计算分别为94.0,93.6,50.8,60.4和48.4 g·kg-1·d-1;60%乙醇-水提取物中柴胡皂苷a的百分含量依次为0.20%,0.19%,0.30%,0.13%,0.20%,测得其MTD值按含生药量计算分别为46.4,54.2,62.4,53.6和32.0 g·kg-1·d-1。上述小鼠连续观察14天,死亡小鼠立即解剖未见明显的病理学变化,存活小鼠的体重、行为等变化可逐渐恢复。结论 不同提取工艺对北柴胡不同炮制品柴胡皂苷a含量和毒性大小有不同的影响,以60%乙醇-水提取工艺样品柴胡皂苷a含量最高和毒性最大,提示柴胡的毒性大小与柴胡皂苷a含量高低有一定关系。

关键词: 北柴胡, 提取工艺, 炮制品, 柴胡皂苷a, 急性毒性

Abstract: Objective To discuss the influence of different extracted crafts on the content of saikosaponin a and acute toxicity of Bupleurum and its processed products. Methods Separately using water, 60% ethanol and 60% ethanol-water extracted methods,to prepare the extracts of different processed products. HPLC method and the classical method of acute toxicity were used to determine the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the Bupleurum and its processed products, and compare the content and the acute toxicity. Results The content of saikosaponin a on the water extracts of different processed products which included health products, fried products, vinegar products, wine products and honey roasted products was separately 0.08%, 0.07%, 0.00%, 0.04%, 0.00%, and calculated by crude drug content, the 60% ethanol extracts of different processed products was separately 0.15%, 0.06%, 0.30%, 0.09%, 0.08%, and calculated by crude drug content, the MTD were respectively 94, 93.6, 50.8, 60.4, 32 g·kg-1·d-1. The content of saikosaponin a on the 60% ethanol-water extracts of different processed products was separately 0.20%, 0.19%, 0.16%, 0.13%, 0.20%, and calculated by crude drug content, the MTD were respectively 46.4, 54.2, 62.4, 53.6, 48.4 g·kg-1·d-1. Making continuous observation of 14 days, dead mice were immediately dissected and there were no obvious pathological changes, and the weight and behavior could gradually restored. Conclusion The extracted crafts had different influence on the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the Bupleurum and its processed products, and the content of saikosaponin a and the acute toxicity of the 60% ethanol-water extracted craft samples were the biggest, suggesting that the toxicity of Bupleurum had some relevance with the content of saikosaponin a.

Key words: Bupleurum, extracted craft, processed products, saikosaponin a, acute toxicity

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