乌头属二萜生物碱的药理学与毒理学作用及挑战

doi:10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250195

中国药物警戒 ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6): 601-607.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250195

乌头属二萜生物碱的药理学与毒理学作用及挑战

孙英浩¹, 臧双耀^2△, 于文慧¹, 郭帅¹, 李婷婷¹, 张毅³, 张廷剑^1#, 孟繁浩^1*

¹中国医科大学药学院,小分子靶向抗肿瘤药物研究与开发重点实验室,辽宁沈阳 110122;
²中国医科大学附属第一医院,辽宁沈阳 110801;
³安徽新华学院药学院,安徽合肥 230088

收稿日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-06-18
通讯作者: ^*孟繁浩,男,二级教授·博导,药物研究与开发。E-mail: fhmeng@cmu.edu.cn;^#为共同通信作者。孟繁浩,药学博士,二级教授,博士研究生导师。国务院政府特殊津贴专家、辽宁省特聘教授。中国药理学会抗炎免疫药理学专业委员会常委、辽宁省药学会药物化学专业委员会副主任委员、辽宁省生物技术协会理事、辽宁省突发公共卫生事件专家咨询委员会专家。主编《药物化学》《药物设计学》等高等医药院校统编教材16部。已发表学术论文200余篇,发明专利35项,计算机软件著作权登记证书3项,新药证书10项。获得辽宁省科技进步一等奖/二等奖、辽宁省普通高等教育教学一等奖、辽宁省自然科学学术成果二等奖等多项成果。《中国药物警戒》等期刊编委。
作者简介:孙英浩,男,硕士研究生,药物作用机制研究。^△为并列第一作者。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（82474134、81573687）

Effects and Challenges of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Aconitum Diterpenoid Alkaloids

SUN Yinghao¹, ZANG Shuangyao^2△, YU Wenhui¹, GUO Shuai¹, LI Tingting¹, ZHANG Yi³, ZHANG Tingjian^1#, MENG Fanhao^1*

¹School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Research and Development of Small Molecule Targeted Antitumor Drugs, China Medical University, Shenyang Liaoning 110122, China;
²The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang Liaoning 110801, China;
³School of Pharmacy, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei Anhui 230088, China

Received:2025-04-01 Published:2025-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的总结乌头属二萜生物碱的药理学作用、毒理学机制及最新研究进展,为其安全应用与开发提供参考。方法通过文献调研与数据整合,分析乌头二萜生物碱的分子作用机制、药效学特性及毒性相关问题。结果乌头二萜生物碱具有显著的心血管保护、神经调节、抗炎、抗癌及抗菌活性,其作用机制涉及PI3K/Akt、MAPK、NF-κB等信号通路的调控,需关注其心脏毒性（线粒体凋亡途径）和肝毒性（PI3K/Akt/mTOR通路介导的自噬）。结论目前关于乌头二萜生物碱构效关系的研究报道较少,现有文献大多通过药效实验论证药理作用和毒性反应,乌头二萜生物碱具有广阔的临床应用潜力,但毒性问题亟待解决。

关键词: 乌头, 二萜生物碱, 心血管保护, 神经调节, 心脏毒性, 肝毒性, 药理学, 毒理学

Abstract: Objective To summarize the pharmacological effects, toxicological mechanisms, and research progress related to Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids so as to provide a reference for safe applications and development. Methods Based on a literature review and data integration, the molecular mechanisms, pharmacology, and toxicity of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids were analyzed. Results Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids exhibited significant cardiovascular protective, neuroregulatory, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties. The mechanisms involved the regulation of signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and NF-κB. However, their cardiotoxicity (through mitochondrial apoptosis pathways) and hepatotoxicity (mediated by PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway-driven autophagy) deserved more attention. Conclusion There are relatively few research reports on the structure-activity relationship of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids. Most of the literature currently available is concerned with the pharmacological effects and toxic reactions studied through pharmacological experiments. Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids promise good applications, but the toxicity remains an urgent issue.

Key words: Aconitum, Diterpenoid Alkaloids, Cardiovascular Protection, Neuroregulatory, Cardiotoxicity, Hepatotoxicity, Pharmacology, Toxicology

中图分类号:

R961
R994.11

孙英浩, 臧双耀, 于文慧, 郭帅, 李婷婷, 张毅, 张廷剑, 孟繁浩. 乌头属二萜生物碱的药理学与毒理学作用及挑战[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2025, 22(6): 601-607.

SUN Yinghao, ZANG Shuangyao, YU Wenhui, GUO Shuai, LI Tingting, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Tingjian, MENG Fanhao. Effects and Challenges of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Aconitum Diterpenoid Alkaloids[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2025, 22(6): 601-607.

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链接本文: https://zgywjj.magtechjournal.com/CN/10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250195

https://zgywjj.magtechjournal.com/CN/Y2025/V22/I6/601

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乌头属二萜生物碱的药理学与毒理学作用及挑战

Effects and Challenges of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Aconitum Diterpenoid Alkaloids

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