真实世界12岁以下儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗后30天内单纯性热性惊厥发生风险分析

doi:10.19803/j.1672-8629.20240208

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析甘肃省12岁以下儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗（MMR）后30 d内发生单纯性热性惊厥（SFS）特征。方法筛选甘肃省2021年1月1日至2023年12月31日电子病历库中诊断为“热性惊厥”个案,利用病例身份信息匹配甘肃省免疫规划信息系统中该病例的接种信息,采用观察性流行病学方法分析12岁以下儿童出现SFS的流行特征及接种MMR 30 d内SFS发生风险。结果共纳入10 614例SFS儿童患者,12岁以下儿童SFS总体发生率为92.42/10万,其中12~24月龄儿童发生率最高,为297.67/10万,男性儿童发生SFS风险高于女性儿童（RR值为1.61,P< 0.001）。接种MMR后30 d内发生SFS风险较未接种该疫苗的高（RR值为2.66,P< 0.001）。接种第1剂次的发生率（27.98/10万）较第2剂次（18.48/10万）高,12~24月龄儿童在接种第1剂次MMR 6~14 d SFS发生风险较<12月、25月~6岁组高（RR值分别为4.06和2.64,P< 0.001）。结论 12~24月龄儿童在接种MMR后6~14 d SFS发生风险增加,以12~24月龄儿童最为常见,应高度关注高风险人群并加强对SFS监测。

关键词: 麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗, 单纯性热性惊厥, 儿童, 接种, 不良反应

Abstract: Objective To analyze the way in which simple febrile seizures (SFS) occur within 30 days of vaccination with the measles, mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine (MMR) in children under 12 in Gansu Province using the real-world data. Methods Cases diagnosed with “febrile seizures” were screened out from the electronic medical records of Gansu Province between 2021 to 2023. The patient identity information was used to match the vaccination information in Gansu Province Immunization Information System. An observational epidemiological approach was employed to analyze the characteristics of SFS after MMR. Results A total of 10 614 patients with SFS were included. The overall incidence of SFS in children under 12 was 92.42 per 100 000, with the highest incidence observed among children ages 12 to 24 months (297.67 per 100 000). The risk of SFS in males was higher than in females (RR= 1.61, P < 0.001). The risk of SFS increased within 30 days of MMR vaccination (RR= 2.66, P < 0.001). The incidence after the first dose (27.98 per 100 000) was higher than after the second dose (24.13 per 100 000). In children ages 12 to 24 months, the risk of SFS within 6 to 14 days after the first dose of MMR vaccine was higher than among those under 12 months, aged 25 months to 6 years (RR=4.06 and 2.64, respectively, both P < 0.001). Conclusion The risk of SFS within 6 to 14 days of MMR vaccination increases in children ages 12 to 24 months, so this age group is the most vulnerable. High-risk populations should be closely monitored.

Key words: simple febrile seizures, measles, mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine, children, vaccination, adverse reactions

中图分类号:

R978
R994.11

刘岩, 安婧, 焦永卓, 梁雪枫, 张晓曙. 真实世界12岁以下儿童接种麻腮风联合减毒活疫苗后30天内单纯性热性惊厥发生风险分析[J]. 中国药物警戒, 2024, 21(7): 805-810.

LIU Yan, AN Jing, JIAO Yongzhuo, LIANG Xuefeng, ZHANG Xiaoshu. Simple febrile seizures within 30 days of vaccination with the measles, mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine in U-12 children in the real world[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2024, 21(7): 805-810.

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https://zgywjj.magtechjournal.com/CN/Y2024/V21/I7/805

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