中国药物警戒 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 323-327.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.20250827

• 安全与合理用药 • 上一篇    下一篇

注射用伏立康唑不良反应特征及危险因素分析

栗玉杰1,2, 马健桐1, 张文静2, 郭浩2,3,*   

  1. 1包头医学院药学院,内蒙古 包头 014040;
    2内蒙古自治区人民医院药学处,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010017;
    3内蒙古自治区基本药物监测与临床综合评价中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010017
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-20 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 通讯作者: *郭浩,男,博士,主任药师,循证药学。E-mail: guohao19870323@yeah.net
  • 作者简介:栗玉杰,女,硕士,临床药学。
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区公立医院科研联合基金科技项目（2024GLLH0125）

Adverse Reactions and Risk Factors of Voriconazole for Injection

LI Yujie1,2, MA Jiantong1, ZHANG Wenjing2, GUO Hao2,3,*   

  1. 1School of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou Inner Mongolia 014040, China;
    2Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010017, China;
    3Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Essential Drug Monitoring and Clinical Comprehensive Evaluation Center, Hohhot Inner Mongolia 010017, China
  • Received:2025-11-20 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-17

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摘要： 目的 分析注射用伏立康唑的不良反应特征与潜在危险因素,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 收集内蒙古自治区人民医院2020年1月1日至2024年12月31日应用注射用伏立康唑的病例资料,出现相关不良反应的患者纳入研究组;未发生不良反应患者按照1∶4倾向性评分匹配选取对照组,应用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析注射用伏立康唑发生不良反应的影响因素。结果 共纳入使用注射用伏立康唑患者665例,其中44例患者发生相关不良反应68例次,总体不良反应发生率为6.62%,主要累及神经系统（35.29%）和血液系统（33.82%）。多因素分析结果显示,糖尿病[P=0.004,OR=3.250,95%CI（1.448~7.297）]、手术史[P=0.038,OR=2.167,95%CI（1.042~4.507）]、过敏史[P=0.033,OR=2.729,95%CI（1.083~6.873）]、输血史[P=0.040,OR=2.241,95%CI（1.038~4.835）]及用药时长（14 d≤用药时长<21 d）[P=0.011,OR=8.365,95%CI（1.626~43.041）]是伏立康唑相关不良反应的独立危险因素。结论 临床应用注射用伏立康唑时,应密切关注患者的糖尿病、手术史、过敏史、输血史及用药时长,并在用药期间重点监护神经系统和血液系统的不良反应,必要时开展药学监护,及时发现并处理药品不良反应,保障临床用药安全。

关键词: 伏立康唑, 药品不良反应, 糖尿病, 手术史, 过敏史, 输血史, 用药时长, 危险因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the adverse reactions and potential risk factors of voriconazole for injection so as to provide a reference for proper clinical applications. Methods The medical records of patients treated with voriconazole for injection in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital in 2020-2024 were collected. The patients with adverse reactions related to voriconazole for injection were assigned to the study group while those without served as the control group at a ratio of 1∶4 based on propensity score matching. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for adverse reactions related to voriconazole for injection. Results A total of 665 patients treated with voriconazole for injection were included, 44 of whom had 68 related adverse reactions, so the overall incidence was 6.62%. The adverse reactions primarily involved the nervous system (35.29%) and blood system (33.82%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetes [P=0.004, OR=3.250, 95%CI(1.448-7.297)], previous surgery [P=0.038, OR=2.167, 95%CI(1.042-4.507)], history of allergy [P=0.033, OR=2.729, 95%CI(1.083-6.873)], history of blood transfusion [P=0.040, OR=2.241, 95%CI(1.038-4.835)] and duration of medication (ranging from 14 d or less to 21 d) [P=0.011, OR=8.365, 95%CI(1.626-43.041)] might be independent risk factors for adverse reactions related to voriconazole for injection. Conclusion In the clinical application of voriconazole for injection, the patients’ diabetes, previous surgery, history of allergy, history of blood transfusion and medication duration should be taken into consideration while adverse reactions involving the nervous system and blood system deserve more attention. Pharmacovigilance should be implemented when necessary to detect and deal with adverse drug reactions immediately and ensure the safety of medication.

Key words: Voriconazole, Adverse Drug Reactions, Diabetes, Previous Surgery, History of Allergy, History of Blood Transfusion, Medication Duration, Risk Factors

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